Correlation between cervical biopsies and conizations at the Hospital Nacional de Clínicas in a period of 10 years

Abstract

Although there is prevention for cervical cancer, it continues to represent a global public health problem. The diagnosis is based on the cytology-colposcopy-biopsy triad, the latter being the "gold standard." The American College of Pathologists considers correlation between different diagnostic methods mandatory. The  general objective of this studio was to establish the degree of correlation between the results of incisional biopsies and cervical conization pieces in patients at the Hospital Nacional de Clínicas, between 2013 and 2023. Additionally, determination of the number of biopsies admitted was proposed as well as establishing the frequency of the lesions detected along with possible factors that influence coincidence with surgical specimens 

The study sample of surgical specimens (SQ) with previous biopsies gathered 60 cases. The Rstudio statistical software was used. Categorical variables were analyzed with the Pearson Chi-Square test. For quantitative variables, media was determined with the corresponding standard deviation as measures of centralization and sample dispersion, expressed as (ME±SD). A significance level of p<0.05 was established. 

Coincidence between both diagnoses was 47%, 33% presented Upgrading (higher grade pathology in PQ), and 20% presented Downgrading (lower grade pathology in PQ). A total of 467 biopsies were received, the most frequent diagnosis of which was LSIL. The variables of the samples that demonstrated statistical significance in terms of coincidence between both results were: depth of the biopsy, presence and intensity of inflammation, ulceration, metaplasia and number of days elapsed between performing the biopsy and surgery. 

There was 47% coincidence between the results between the biopsies and PQ, which proved to be related to biopsy factors such as depth, inflammation, ulceration, metaplasia and days elapsed.