Skin Prick Test with standardized extracts of mites from different brands in adult patients with asthma and/or allergic rhinitis

Abstract

Epicutaneous puncture or Skin Prick Test (SPT) test detects sensitive patients with minimum risk of systemic reactions. Mites, such as Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp), Dermatophagoides farinae (Df) and Blomia tropicalis (Bt) are common ethiological allergens. We ask the question about as to how the different commercial extracts in our country produces equal or different responses..

The objective was to assess, in the allergy service of the National Hospital of Clinics in Córdoba, the sensitization of adults to different high prevalence house dust mites and compare this cutaneous response to different commercial extracts.

The SPT test was performed in 53 adults of both sexes with rhinitis or asthma who attended the Servicio de Alergia e Inmunología of the Hospital de Clinicas in Córdoba from June 2013 to February of 2014. Diater lancets from different commercial brands were used with: 5000 PNU of Allergo-Pharma (M1), DIATER (M2); Q pharma (M3) and R.Guerra (M4). Student's t and Chi square test were used as corresponded and a p < 0.05 as significant. software InfoStat 2018/p was employed.

Wheal and macula diameters were analyzed from. Antigens DP, PF and BT elicited wheals for M1 vs M2, M3 and M4  different (p <.05) Similar results to macula  M1 vs. M3 and M4 (p <.01). The mean value of concentration of IgE was 285UI/ml±369. 59. The IgE concentration was categorized and analyzed according to the size of the wheal. For DP, the papule size increased the concentration of IgE  up to 350 Ul/ml. higher IgE concentrations do not reflect this linearity. We analyzed the cutaneous response to Dp and Df of the same brands show high cross-reactivity. A  majority of reactions were similar to both antigens to leaving only 15.5% of reactions that were positive for a single mite. These differences were significant (p = 0, 021).

There was a relationship between the size of macula and the concentration of IgE present in plasma; also there is a high cross-reactivity between high prevalence mites in our study.