Magnetic resonance imaging of temporomandibular joints in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a harmless imaging technique useful of performing detailed images of the joints. The temporomandibular joints (TMJ) are often involved in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Objective: To analyze the TMJ by MRI in patients with RA.

An observational, descriptive, prospective cross-sectional study was conducted. Twenty consecutive patients from the Rheumatology Service of Hospital Córdoba were included and diagnosed with RA according to ACR 2010 criteria. They were evaluated jointly by a dentist and a rheumatologist. All patients underwent MRI by the same operator and the same imaging specialist analyzing the images. The study was carried out with an open and closed mouth, in a 1.5T Siemens resonator, using a surface coil. This study is approved by the CIEIS of the adult of the Córdoba Hospital.

Being the first percentage in left TMJ and the second in right TMJ, it was evidenced that: 10/0% presented osteophytes, 10/0% subchondral geodes, 60/50% irregularities of the temporal condyle, 70/40% degenerative changes, 70 /60% subchondral changes. 40/40% cortical irregularities, 70/70% mandibular condyle erosions, 10/10% dislocations without reduction, 30/10% decreased joint space, 10/10% disc rupture, 70/50% other disc alterations, 20 /10% muscular alterations and 70/80% joint effusion.

Due to the resolution of the MRI, it shows data that are essential for an exact diagnosis and adequate therapeutic planning in a joint as complex as the TMJ and in patients where early diagnosis determines the prognosis.