Human Papillomavirus in Women: An Analysis of Coinfection in the Lower Genital Tract and Oral Mucosa

Abstract

Cervical cancer is the seventh most frequent and the second in women worldwide. The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is the main cause of this type of cancer. HPV is also associated with head and neck cancers. Factors such as tobacco, alcohol and sexual practices influence these infections. Specific HPV genotypes were detected at both locations. Objectives: General Objectives: •Determine the presence of HPV and its different genotypes in the oral mucosa of patients with high and low grade cervical lesions. Specific Objectives: •Correlate the presence of HPV in different epithelia associated with sexual behaviors. •Associate the presentation of lesions in different locations with the viral subtypes. •Analyze the correlation between oral lesions and those in the lower genital tract.

Design: analytical cross-sectional observational study. Problem Cases: 150 cases divided into women from 18 to 35 years of age and over 35 years of age. Control cases: 150 control cases with ages that will be included in a margin of 5 years compared to the problem cases.

Of the group with pathology of the genital tract, 63% had low-grade SIL, 14% condylomatosis, and 23% high-grade SIL, corresponding to 12.5% ​​of high-grade SILs over 35 years of age and 87.5% to minors of that age. In the problem group, HPV was detected in 47.2% of the genital mucosa and in 9% of the oral mucosa. We obtained a significant difference (p <0.05) in virus detection in patients with previous injury (problem group). 80% of patients with virus detection practiced oral sex in the problem group, and 100% in the control group.

The presence of HPV in the genital tract could be a risk factor for oral infection. The presentation of lesions in colposcopy or histopathological diagnosis linkable to HPV lesions does not ensure the presence of the virus. Data to support the hypothesis are lacking and this could be due to the size of the study.