Cancer and type 2 diabetes in an elderly population of Villa Carlos Paz

Abstract

Abstract: 

Studies show that patients with type 2 diabetes (DM2) have a higher risk of developing some type of cancer. Objective: to analyze the incidence and association between DM2 and cancer in patients from the “San Ricardo Pampuri” health center in Villa Carlos Paz.

A retrospective observational study was carried out analyzing the medical records of 42,948 patients (years 2000-2018), 17,109 (39.8%) had DM2 and 332 had cancer (186M and 146H). The data analyzed were age, sex, type of cancer and suffering from DM2. Incidence ratios between sexes (RS = incidence in Men / incidence in Women) were calculated for some types of cancer. The work has ethical approval and corresponding confidentiality. Data were statistically analyzed with Infostat.

Average age was 72 (DS 11) years for men and 68.5 (DS 12) for women (56% of the patients). 162 patients who developed cancer had DM2 (93M and 69H). In women with DM2 the incidences were: breast (51.6%), endometrium (7.5%), colon, pancreas and cervix (all with 6.5%). In women without DM2: breast (41.1%), colon (14.4%), cervix (7.8%), ovary and thyroid (both with 5.6%). In men with DM2 the incidences: prostate (27.9%), colon (19.1%), pancreas (8.8%), kidney (7.4%), Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma and bladder (both with 5.9 %). In those without DM2 they were: prostate (40%), colon (18.8%), bladder (12.5%) and melanoma (5%). The highest incidence rates between sexes (SR) for patients with DM2 were: lung (4.1), colon (3), Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (2.7), kidney (2.3) and myeloma (2); in patients without DM2 they were bladder (3.8) and leukemia (2.3). It was observed that diabetic patients have a higher risk for pancreatic cancer (OR = 6.96; p = 0.01) and kidney (OR = 4.96; p = 0.01). Men showed a slightly increased risk for: colon (OR = 0.49; p = 0.02), bladder (OR = 0.16; p = 0.05) and kidney (OR = 0.29; p = 0 , 05). It was observed that patients without DM2 showed a slightly elevated risk for bladder cancer (OR = 0.33; p = 0.05) and melanoma (OR = 0.13; p = 0.05).

Conclusions: Positive correlations were observed between cancer and age, for some tumors it could also be established with sex and DM2. Patients with DM2 showed an increased risk for pancreatic and kidney cancer and a small decrease in risk for bladder and melanoma.