Prevalencia de hipertensión arterial y factores de riesgo asociados en el departamento Sobremonte y Sur del departamento Ojo de Agua

Antonio Pedraza; Gastón Camino Willhuber; Iván Chaile

doi:10.31053/1853.0605.v65.n3.23563

Authors

Antonio Pedraza Profesor consulto de la UNC. Coordinador general del PSS.
Gastón Camino Willhuber Ex alumno de la UHMI II. Miembro del PSS.
Iván Chaile Ex alumno de la cátedra de Medicina I, UH Hospital nacional de clínicas. Miembro del PSS.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31053/1853.0605.v65.n3.23563

Keywords:

hypertension, risk factors, excess sodium in sub-terrenian water

Abstract

Arterial Hypertension (AH) is a disease with multiple risk factors (RF), and it is one of the most important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of AH in Sobremonte area and its correlation to other risk factors. The study was done in an special programme called “ Solidarity in Health” (SIH) supported by the College of Medicine at the National University of Córdoba, which provided primary care to residents of Cachi Yaco (Sobremonte Department). It is an small village near Santiago del Estero province located in 226 km from Córdoba city. They went to the city and they examined the patients at the the “French and Berutti” school for nine consecutive years (2000-2008). Sobremonte area is the poorest deparment in the province of Córdoba and it has the highest rate of lowest socio-economic development, and a very deficient health care system. . The only hospital providing primary care is in San Francisco del Chañar, and the access is not free. The study involved the determination of the arterial pressure (AP) according to the seventh “JNC”criteria , body mass index (BMI), levels of alcohol consumption, exercise, salt consumption, diabetes and smoking in all the patients. Additionally, three water samples from different representative zones were collected and tested for sodium concentration. 471 patients were included. The incidence of AH was 43.5% of the patients. (51% men and 36% women). Higher incidence of AH was found in patients between 50 and 59 years old. There was a stadistical difference in the BMI, diabetes, and alcohol consumption between healthy patients and patients with AH. There was not any correlation between AH and exercise. We found higher levels of sodium in the water of this area and it was between 13-35 higher than in Córdoba city and it was correlated with AH. We conclude that the increased sodium consumption is one of the most important risk factor of AH in this population.

References

Chobanian, A; Bakris, G; Black, H; Cushman, W; Green, L y col. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. JAMA ; 289: 2560-72. 2003. [Fulltext]

2. Kannel W: La tensión arterial como factor de riesgo cardiovascular. JAMA 6 (Ed. Arg.): 92-98, 1997.

Bustos, P; Amigo; Arteaga A; Acosta, A; Rona, R. Factores de riesgo de enfermedad

cardiovascular en adultos jóvenes Rev. Med. Chile 2003; Rev Méd Chile; 131(9): 973-980. 2003.[Open Access-Scielo]

Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Estrategia regional y plan de acción para un enfoque integrado sobre la prevención y el control de las enfermedades crónicas. Washington, D.C: OPS, © 2007. [Fulltext]

INDEC. "Programa de Vigilancia de la Salud y Control de Enfermedades" VIGI+A e INDEC, Encuesta Nacional de Factores de Riesgo 2005.

Levy, D; Wolf, P. The Framingham Study: An epidemiological investigation of the cardiovascular disease: Sect. 27. Washington DC. US Government Printing Office. Kannel, WB; Gondon T Editors, 1971

Ferrante, D †; Virgolini, M. Encuesta Nacional de Factores de Riesgo 2005. Rev. Argent. Cardiol. v.75 n.1 Buenos Aires ene/feb. 2007- [Open Access- Scielo]

Vasan RS, Larson MG, Leip EP y col. Assessment of frequency of progression to hypertension in nonhypertensive participants in the Framingha Heart Study: A cohort study. Lancet. ;358:1682- F. 2001. [Abstract]

Adams, G. M. (1998). Exercise Physiology Laboratory Manual (3ra. ed., pp. 263-268). Boston, Massachusetts: WCB/McGraw-Hill.

Luquez, H; Madoery, R; De Loredo, L; De Roitter, H; Lombardelli, S; y col. Prevalencia de Hipertensión arterial y factores de riesgo asociados. Estudio Deán Funes ( Provincia de Córdoba-Argentina). Rev Fed Arg Cardiol 28, 93-104, 1999. [Fulltext]

Nigro, D; Kuschnir, E; C. Vergottini; Bendersky, M; Campo, I. Epidemiología de la Hipertensión arterial en la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina. Rev Fed Arg Cardiol 28:69-75, 1999. [Fulltext]

Piskorz D, Locatelli H, Gidekei L y col. (en nombre de los investigadores del Estudio FAROS): Factores de riesgo en la ciudad de Rosario. Resultados del Estudio FAROS. Rev Fed Arg Cardiol 24: 499-508, 1995.

Mann S, James G, Wang R, Pickering T: Elevation of ambulatory systolic blood pressure in hypertensive smokers. A case control study. JAMA 265: 2226-2228, 1991.[Abstract]

De Fronzo R, Ferrannini E y col: Insulin resistence: a multifaceted syndrome responsible for NIDDM, obesity, hypertension, dislipidemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Diabetes Care. Mar; 14 (3):173-94. 1991. [Abstract]

Sal e hipertensión arterial. González de la Cruz, O; Rodríguez Arias, O. Hospital Militar Docente "Dr. Joaquín Castillo Duany". medisan; 2(4):38-43. 1998.[Fulltext]

www.aguascordobesas.com.ar (empresa abastecedora de agua de la ciudad de Córdoba).

Somers V, Conway J, Johnston J, Sleight P: Effects of indurance training on baroreflex sensitivity and blood pressure in borderline hypertension. Lancet 337: 1363-1368, 1991[Abstract]