Caracterización de los subtipos de VIH-1 presentes en Córdoba (Argentina) desde casi el inicio de la infección, utilizando los genes POL y ENV
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31053/1853.0605.v74.n3.15282Palavras-chave:
infección de VIH-1, Córdoba, Argentina, subtipos de VIH-1, análisis filogenéticos, cepas recombinantes inter-subtipoResumo
Objetivo: En el presente estudio, utilizando un enfoque retrospectivo, caracterizamos la infección de VIH-1 en Córdoba (Argentina) a través de la determinación de los subtipos virales circulantes en el período 1986-2001. Métodos: Se analizaron los genes pol y env utilizando dos enfoques diferentes: 1) comparando las secuencias de Córdoba con aquellas de subtipos puros y formas recombinantes circulantes del grupo M del VIH-1; 2) subdividiendo las secuencias en matrices de subtipos puros (evitando los efectos de la recombinación) a fin de determinar si los subtipos de Córdoba tienen uno o varios orígenes geográficos. Resultados: El primer enfoque reveló que dieciocho cepas correspondían al subtipo B, siete a B/F1, una a C y una a F1. Solo dos de los B/F1 correspondían a la forma CRF12_B/F1, previamente descripta para Argentina; las secuencias B/F1 restantes serían diferentes formas de URF_B/F1. Los análisis filogenéticos del segundo enfoque sugieren que el subtipo B de Córdoba tendría múltiples orígenes geográficos, mientras que los subtipos F1 y C habrían sido introducidos directamente desde Brasil o indirectamente desde Buenos Aires. Conclusiones: La gran variabilidad de subtipos indica que la infección de VIH-1 en Córdoba fue compleja desde sus inicios. Nuestros resultados también revelan el estrecho contacto entre la gente de esta ciudad, a través del turismo y actividades comerciales, con las de Buenos Aires y Brasil.
Downloads
Referências
1. Nájera R, Delgado E, Pérez-Alvarez L, Thomson MM. Genetic recombination and its role in the development of the HIV-1 pandemic. AIDS 2002;16:S3-16.
2. HIV Sequence Compendium; Los Alamos National Laboratory. En: http://hiv-web.lanl.gov; consultado el 17/12/2014.
3. Buonaguro L, Tornesello ML, Buonaguro FM. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype distribution in the worldwide epidemic: pathogenetic and therapeutic implications. J Virol 2007;81:10209-19.
4. Campodónico M, Janssens W, Heyndrickx L, Fransen K, Leonaers A, et al. HIV type 1 subtypes in Argentina and genetic heterogeneity of the V3 region. AIDS Res Hum Retrov 1996;12:79-81.
5. Marquina S, Leitner T, Rabinovich RD, Benetucci J, Libonatti O, Albert J. Coexistence of subtypes B, F, and an B/F env recombinant of HIV type 1 in Buenos Aires Argentina. AIDS Res Hum Retrov 1996;12:1651-54.
6. Fernández-Medina D, Jansson M, Rabinovich RD, Libonatti O, Wigzell H. Identification of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtypes B and F, B/F recombinant and dual infection with these subtypes in Argentina. Scand J Infect Dis 1999;31:235-42.
7. Carr JK, Avila MM, Gómez-Carrillo M, Salomon H, Hierholzer J, et al. Diverse BF recombinants have spread widely since the introduction of HIV-1 into South America. AIDS 2001;15:F41-47.
8. Thomson MM, Delgado E, Herrero I, Villahermosa ML, Vázquez-de Parga E, et al. Diversity of mosaic structures and common ancestry of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 B/F intersubtype recombinant viruses from Argentina revealed by analysis of near full-length genome sequences. J Gen Virol 2002;83:107-119.
9. Aulicino PC, Kopka J, Rocco C, Mangano AM, Sen L. Sequence analysis of a South American HIV Type 1 BC Recombinant. AIDS Res Hum Retrov 2005;21:894-96.
10. Aulicino PC, Bello G, Guimaraes ML, Ruchansky D, Rocco C, et al. Longitudinal analysis of HIV-1 BF1 recombinant strains in vertically infected children from Argentina reveals a decrease in CRF12_BF pol gene mosaic patterns and high diversity of BF unique recombinant forms. Infect Genet Evol 2011;11:349-57.
11. Aulicino PC, Gómez-Carrillo M, Bello G, Rocco C, Mangano A, et al. Characterization of full-length HIV-1 CRF17_BF genomes and comparison to the prototype CRF12_BF strains. Infect Genet Evol 2012;12:443-47.
12. Pando MA, Eyzaguirre LM, Segura M, Bautista CT, Marone R, et al. First report of an HIV-1 triple recombinant of subtypes B, C and F in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Retrovirology 2006;3:59 doi:10.1186/1742-4690-3-59.
13. Bello G, Aulicino PC, Ruchansky D, Guimarães ML, Lopez-Galindez C, et al. Phylodynamics of HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Forms 12_BF and 38_BF in Argentina and Uruguay. Retrovirology 2010;7:22 doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-7-22.
14. Pando MA, Eyzaguirre LM, Carrion G, Montano SM, Sanchez JL, et al. High genetic variability of HIV-1 in female sex workers from Argentina. Retrovirology 2007;4: 58 doi:10.1186/1742-4690-4-58
15. Pando MA, Gómez-Carrillo M, Vignoles M, Rubio AE, dos Ramos Farias MS, et al. Incidence of HIV Type 1 infection, antiretroviral drug resistance, and molecular characterization in newly diagnosed individuals in Argentina: a global fund project. AIDS Res Hum Retrov 2011;27:17-23.
16. Katoh K, Standley DM. MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability. Mol Biol Evol 2013;30:772-80.
17. Siepel AC, Halpern AL, Macken C, Korber BTM. A computer program designed to screen rapidly for HIV type 1 intersubtype recombinant sequences. AIDS Res Hum Retrov 1995;11:1413-16.
18. Alcántara LCJ, Cassol S, Libin P, Deforche K, Pybus OG, et al. A standardized framework for accurate, high-throughput genotyping of recombinant and non-recombinant viral sequences. Nucleic Acids Res 2009;37:W634-42.
19. Lole KS, Bollinger RC, Paranjape RS, Gadkari D, Kulkarni SS, et al. Full-length human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genomes from subtype C-infected seroconverters in India, with evidence of intersubtype recombination. J Virol 1999;73:152-60.
20. Schultz AK, Zhang M, Bulla I, Leitner T, Korber B, et al. jpHMM: Improving the reliability of recombination prediction in HIV-1. Nucleic Acids Res 2009;37:W647-51.
21. Pond SLK, Posada D, Gravenor MB, Woelk CH, Frost SDW. Automated phylogenetic detection of recombination using a genetic algorithm. Mol Biol Evol 2006;23:1891-01.
22. Swofford DL. PAUP* Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (*and Other Methods). Version 4. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA. 2003.
23. Darriba D, Taboada GL, Doallo R, Posada D. jModelTest 2: more models, new heuristics and parallel computing. Nat Methods 2012;9:772 doi:10.1038/nmeth.2109
24. Ronquist F, Teslenko M, van der Mark P, Ayres DL, Darling A, et al. MrBayes 3.2: efficient Bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space. Syst Biol 2012;61:539-42.
25. Aulicino PC, Holmes EC, Rocco C, Mangano AM, Sen L. Extremely rapid spread of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 BF Recombinants in Argentina. J Virol 2007;81:427-29.
26. Thomson MM, Villahermosa ML, Vázquez de Parga E, Cuevas MT, Delgado E, et al. Widespread circulation of a B/F intersubtype recombinant form among HIV-1 infected individuals in Buenos Aires, Argentina. AIDS 2000;14:897-99.
27. Aulicino PC, Kopka J, Mangano AM, Rocco C, Iacono M, et al. Circulation of novel HIV type 1 A, B/C, and F subtypes in Argentina. AIDS Res Hum Retrov 2005;21:158-64.
28. Jones LR, Dilernia DA, Manrique JM, Moretti F, Salomón H, Gómez-Carrillo M. In-depth analysis of the origins of HIV Type 1 subtype C in South America. AIDS Res Hum Retrov 2009;25:951-59.
29. de Oliveira T, Pillay D, Gifford RJ. The HIV-1 subtype C epidemic in South America is linked to the United Kingdom. PLoS One 2010;5:e9311 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009311
30. Dilernia DA, Jones LR, Pando MA, Rabinovich RD, Damilano GD, et al. Analysis of HIV Type 1 BF recombinant sequences from South America dates the origin of CRF12_BF to a recombination event in the 1970s. AIDS Res Hum Retrov 2011;27:569-78.
31. Junqueira DM, de Medeiros RM, Matte MCC, Araújo LAL, Chies JAB, et al. Reviewing the history of HIV-1: spread of subtype B in the Americas. PLoS ONE 2011;6:e27489 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0027489.
32. Gilbert MT, Rambaut A, Wlasiuk G, Spira TJ, Pitchenik AE, Worobey M. The emergence of HIV/AIDS in the Americas and beyond. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007;104:18566-70.
33. Aulicino PC, Bello G, Rocco C, Romero H, Mangano A, et al. Description of the first full-length HIV-1 subtype F1 strain in Argentina: Implications for the origin and dispersion of this subtype in South-America. AIDS Res Hum Retrov 2007;23:1176-82.
34. Gómez-Carrillo M, Avila M, Hierholzer J, Pando MA, Martinez PL, et al. Mother-to-child HIV type 1 transmission in Argentina: BF recombinants have predominated in infected children since the mid-1980s. AIDS Res Hum Retrov 2002;18:477-83.
35. Ruchansky D, Casado C, Russi JC, Arbiza JR, Lopez-Galindez C. Identification of a new HIV Type 1 Circulating Recombinant Form (CRF38_BF1) in Uruguay. AIDS Res Hum Retrov 2009;25:351-56.
36. De Sa Filho DJ, Sucupira MC, Caseiro MM, Sabino EC, Diaz RS, Janini LM. Identification of two HIV type 1 circulating recombinant forms in Brazil. AIDS Res Hum Retrov 2006;22:1-13.
37. Gómez-Carrillo M, Salomón H, Pando MA, Kijak G, Avila MM. Distribución de subtipos y recombinantes del Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana (HIV): situación en la Argentina. Medicina (Buenos Aires) 2001;61:881-89.
38. Carrión G, Eyzaguirre L, Montano SM, Laguna-Torres V, Serra M, et al. . Documentation of subtype C HIV type 1 strains in Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay. AIDS Res Hum Retrov 2004;20:1022-25.
39. Santos AF, Sousa TM, Soares EAJM, Sanabani S, Martinez AMB, et al. . Characterization of a new circulating recombinant form comprising HIV-1 subtypes C and B in southern Brazil. AIDS 2006;20:2011-19.
Downloads
Arquivos adicionais
Publicado
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2017 Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
A geração de trabalhos derivados é permitida, desde que não seja feita para fins comerciais. O trabalho original não pode ser usado para fins comerciais.
Como Citar
