Caracterización fotosintética y anatomía foliar de Chenopodium album y Ch. hircinum (Chenopodiaceae) en un valle de altura del Noroeste Argentino.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31055/1851.2372.v59.n1.42881Palavras-chave:
Anatomía foliar, Chenopodium, eficiencia del uso del agua, respiraciónResumo
Introducción y Objetivo: Chenopodium album (exótica) y Ch. hircinum (nativa) son malezas de distintos ambientes de Argentina tolerando diversos factores de stress y ofreciendo potencial para el mejoramiento de Ch. quinoa a ambientes tropicales. El objetivo de este trabajo es explorar la anatomía foliar y el comportamiento fisiológico fotosintético de ambas especies a fin de identificar características deseables para el mejoramiento de quinoa.
M&M: Se evaluaron los rasgos morfológicas y fisiológicas foliares en ambas especies, las cuales crecen espontáneamente en un valle de alta montaña (1.995m s.n.m., Tucumán, Argentina).
Resultados: Ch. hircinum exhibió mayor asimilación fotosintética neta, conductancia estomática, concentración interna de CO2, respiración nocturna y punto de compensación lumínica. Ch. album presentó una mayor capacidad de carboxilación, eficiencia intrínseca en el uso del agua, una mayor cantidad de pigmentos protectores y carotenoides y láminas foliares con células del mesófilo
en empalizada isodiamétricas más pequeñas, con mayor porcentaje de espacios aéreos intercelulares y mayor densidad de glándulas de sal. Estas características otorgarían a Ch. album la capacidad de sobrevivir en ambientes de alta montaña.
Conclusión: Los atributos observados en ambas especies resultan interesantes para el mejoramiento dirigido de la quinoa.
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