Physiological response of Lunularia cruciata (phylum Marchantiophyta) to the presence of anthracene polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31055/1851.2372.v56.n4.34219Keywords:
Anthracene, Bioaccumulation, Bioindicator, Lunularia cruciata, ToxicityAbstract
Background and aims: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous, persistent, toxic and bioaccumulative pollutants, generated from the incomplete combustion of organic matter. In vascular plants, PAHs cause a decrease in biomass, alter the phenotype and inhibit photosynthesis. There is currently little information about their effect on bryophytes (sensu lato). Within this group, Lunularia cruciata (phylum Marchantiophyta) can colonize environments with anthropic impact and could be used as a bioindicator for potentially toxic constituents. The objective of this work was to study the morphological and physiological changes of L. cruciata exposed to anthracene, to determine its possible role as an indicator organism.
M&M: The plant was exposed to different concentrations of anthracene and germination percentage of gemma was evaluated, along with growth, bioaccumulation and chlorophyll content determined in thallus.
Results & Conclusions: Anthracene did not affect gemma germination, although it caused a “roseate” morphology and decreased thallus growth. On the other hand, it was observed that L. cruciata accumulated anthracene in cell walls. Anthracene did not affect the total chlorophyll content, although the ratio of chlorophylls a and b varied, with chlorophyll a decreasing and chlorophyll b increasing. This could cause a decrease in photosynthetic yield, leading to reduced plant growth. The results demonstrated that this species is tolerant to anthracene and could be used as bioindicator of PAHs.
References
ABDEL-SHAFY, H. I. & M. S. MANSOUR. 2016. A review on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: source, environmental impact, effect on human health and remediation. Egypt. J. of Petroleum. 25: 107-123.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpe.2015.03.011
AKSMANN, A. & Z. TUKAJ. 2004. The effect of anthracene and phenanthrene on the growth, photosynthesis, and SOD activity of the green alga Scenedesmus armatus depends on the PAR irradiance and CO2 level. Arch. of environ. contam. and toxicol. 47: 177-184.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-004-2297-9
ALAM, A. & V. SHARMA. 2012. Seasonal variation in accumulation of heavy metals in Lunularia cruciata (Linn.) Dum. at Nilgiri hills, Western Ghats. Int. J. of Biol. Sci. and Eng. 3: 91-99.
ARANDA, E., J. M. SCERVINO, P. GODOY, R. REINA, J. A. OCAMPO, R. M. WITTICH & I. GARCÍA-ROMERA. 2013. Role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus custos in the dissipation of PAHs under root-organ culture conditions. Environ. pollut. 181: 182-189.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2013.06.034
BATES, J.W. 1992. Mineral nutrient acquisition and retention by bryophytes. J. of Bryol. 17: 223-240.
https://doi.org/10.1179/jbr.1992.17.2.223
BÉCARD, G. & J.A. FORTIN. 1988. Early events of vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhiza formation on Ri T‐DNA transformed roots. New Phytol. 108: 211-218.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1988.tb03698.x
CARGINALE, V., S. SORBO, C. CAPASSO, F. TRINCHELLA, G. CAFIERO & A. BASILE. 2004. Accumulation, localization, and toxic effects of cadmium in the liverwort Lunularia cruciata. Protoplasma. 223: 53-61.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-003-0028-0
CHANDRA, S., D. CHANDRA, A. BARH, R.K. PANDEY & I.P. SHARMA. 2017. Bryophytes: Hoard of remedies, an ethno-medicinal review. J. of tradit. and complement. med. 7: 94-98.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.01.007
GAO, Y., Y. ZHANG, J. LIU & H. KONG. 2013. Metabolism and subcellular distribution of anthracene in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). Plant and soil. 365: 171-182.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1386-1
GARCÍA-SÁNCHEZ, M., Z. KOŠNÁŘ, F. MERCL, E. ARANDA & P. TLUSTOŠ. 2018. A comparative study to evaluate natural attenuation, mycoaugmentation, phytoremediation, and microbial-assisted phytoremediation strategies for the bioremediation of an aged PAH-polluted soil. Ecotoxicol. and environ. saf. 147: 165-174.
GARREC, J. P. & C. VAN HALUWYN. 2002. Biosurveillance végétale de la qualité de l’ air. In: Tec & Doc (eds.), pp. 117. Paris.
GIORDANO, S., R. CASTALDO COBIANCHI, A. BASILE & V. SPAGNUOLO. 1989. The structure and role of hyaline parenchyma in the liverwort Lunularia cruciata (L.) Dum. G. Botanico italiano. 123: 169-176.
https://doi.org/10.1080/11263508909430255
HARMS, H.H. 1996. Bioaccumulation and metabolic fate of sewage sludge derived organic xenobiotics in plants. Sci. of the Total Environ. 185: 83-92.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(96)05044-9
HÄSSEL DE MENÉNDEZ, G. G. 1959. Estudio de las Anthocerotales y Marchantiales de la Argentina (Doctoral dissertation, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales).
HUANG, X.D., B.J. MCCONKEY, T.S. BABU & B.M. GREENBERG. 1997. Mechanisms of photoinduced toxicity of photomodified anthracene to plants: inhibition of photosynthesis in the aquatic higher plant Lemna gibba (duckweed). Environ. Toxicol. and Chem. 16: 1707-1715.
https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620160819
JAJOO, A., N.R. MEKALA, R.S. TOMAR, M. GRIECO, M. TIKKANEN & E.M. ARO. 2014. Inhibitory effects of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) on photosynthetic performance are not related to their aromaticity. J. of Photochem. and Photobiol. Biol. 137: 151-155.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.03.011
JAJOO, A. 2017. Effects of environmental pollutants Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) on photosynthetic processes. Photosynthesis: Structures, Mechanisms, and Applications. Springer, Cham., pp. 249-259.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48873-8_11
KEYTE, I., E. WILD, J. DENT & K.C. JONES. 2009. Investigating the foliar uptake and within-leaf migration of phenanthrene by moss (Hypnum cupressiforme) using two-photon excitation microscopy with autofluorescence. Environ. Sci. & technol. 43: 5755-5761.
https://doi.org/10.1021/es900305c
KUMMEROVÁ, M., M. BARTÁK, J. DUBOVÁ, J. TRÍSKA, E. ZUBROVÁ & S. ZEZULKA. 2006. Inhibitory effect of fluoranthene on photosynthetic processes in lichens detected by chlorophyll fluorescence. Ecotoxicol. 15: 121-131.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-005-0037-1
LIU, H., D. WEISMAN, Y.B. YE, B. CUI, Y.H. HUAMG, A. COLON-CARMONA & Z.H. WANG. 2009. An oxidative stress response to Polycyclyc Aromatic Hydrocarbon exposure is rapid and clomplex in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Sci. 176: 375-382.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2008.12.002
MALLAKIN, A., T. S. BABU, D. G. DIXON & B. M. GREENBERG. 2002. Sites of toxicity of specific photooxidation products of anthracene to higher plants: Inhibition of photosynthetic activity and electron transport in Lemna gibba L. G‐3 (Duckweed). Environ. Toxicol. An int. J. 17: 462-471.
https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.10080
MARWOOD, C.A., K.R. SOLOMON & B. W. GREENBERG. 2001. Chlorophyll fluorescence as a bioindicator of effects on growth in aquatic macrophytes from mixtures of PAHs. Environ. Toxicol. and Chem. An int. J. 20: 890-898.
https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620200425
NADAL, M., M. SCHUHMACHER & J. L. DOMINGO. 2004. Levels of PAHs in soil and vegetation samples from Tarragona County, Spain. Environ. Pollut. 132: 1-11.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2004.04.003
NYDAHL, A.C., C.K. KING, J. WASLEY, D. F. JOLLEY & S. A. ROBINSON. 2015. Toxicity of fuel-contaminated soil to Antartic moss and terrestrial algae. Environ. Toxicol. and Chem. 34: 2004-2012.
https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3021
OGUNTIMEHIN, I., F. EISSA & H. SAKUGAWA. 2010. Negative effects of fluoranthene on the ecophysiology of tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill): Fluoranthene mists negatively affected tomato plants. Chemosphere. 78: 877-884.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.11.030
SILVANI, V.A., C. P. ROTHEN, M. A. RODRÍGUEZ, A. GODEAS & S. FRACCHIA. 2012. The thalloid liverwort Plagiochasma rupestre supports arbuscular mycorrhiza-like symbiosis in vitro. World J. of Microbiol. and Biotechnol. 28: 3393-3397.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-012-1146-7
SIMS, D.A. & J.A. GAMON. 2002 Relationships between leaf pigment content and spectral reflectance across a wide range of species, leaf structures and developmental stages. Remote Sens. of environ. 81: 337-354.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-4257(02)00010-X
SPAGNUOLO, V., F. FIGLIOLI, F. DE NICOLA, F. CAPOZZI & S. GIORDANO. 2016. Tracking the route of phenanthrene uptake in mosses: an experimental trial. Sci. of The Total Environ. 575: 1066-1073.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.174
SPINEDI, N., ROJAS, N., STORB, R., CABRERA, J., ARANDA, E., SALIERNO, M., ... & SCERVINO, J. M. 2019. Exploring the response of Marchantia polymorpha: Growth, morphology and chlorophyll content in the presence of anthracene. Plant Physiol. and Biochem. 135: 570-574.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.11.001
TAIZ, L., & E. ZEIGER. 2006. Plant physiology. 4th. Sinauer Associate, Sunderland, Mass., EUA.
TAO, S., Y.H. CUI, F. XU, B. G. LI, J. CAO, W. LIU, G. SCHMITT, X. J. WANG, W. SHEN, B. P. QING & R. SUN. 2004. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in agricultural soil and vegetables from Tianjin. Sci. of the Total Environ. 320: 11-24.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00453-4
VALIÓ, I.F.M. & W. W. SCHWABE. 1969. Growth and dormancy in Lunularia cruciata (L.) Dum.: IV. Light and temperature control of rhizoid formation in gemmae. J. of exp. Bot. 20: 615-628.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/20.3.615
VIVES, I., J.O. GRIMALT & R. GUITART. 2001. Los Hidrocarburos Aromáticos Policíclicos y la salud humana. Apunt. Cienc. Tecnol. 3: 45-51.
WIECZOREK, J.K. & Z. J. WIECZOREK. 2007. Phytotoxicity and accumulation of anthracene applied to the foliage and sandy substrate in lettuce and radish plants. Ecotoxicol. and environ. Saf. 66: 369-377.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 R. Storb, N. Spinedi, E. Aranda, S. Fracchia, J. M Scervino
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Provides immediate and free OPEN ACCESS to its content under the principle of making research freely available to the public, which fosters a greater exchange of global knowledge, allowing authors to maintain their copyright without restrictions.
Material published in Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International license.
