Cambios epidemiológicos de las fracturas de tercio proximal de fémur: 20 años de seguimiento
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31053/1853.0605.v72.n3.11354Keywords:
fracturas de cadera, ancianos, osteoporosis, epidemiologia, morfología,Abstract
Objetivo: Evaluar si la edad, el sexo y la morfología de las fracturas osteoporóticas de cadera han cambiado en los últimos 20 años en nuestro medio.
Material y Método: El estudio incluye todas las fracturas de fémur proximal en pacientes mayores de 65 años de edad que fueron atendidas en el Hospital Miguel Servet de Zaragoza durante los periodos 1989-1990 (n: 514 pacientes), 1999-2000 (n: 518 pacientes) y 2009-2010 (n: 625 pacientes).
Resultados: Se ha mostrado un aumento estadísticamente significativo de la edad media de los pacientes con fractura osteoporótica de cadera de 80.3 años en el periodo 1989-1990 a 82 años en 2009-2010 (p 0.041) y un aumento de incidencia hasta 159 /100.000 (p<0.001) entre 2009-2010 respecto a 1989-1990 cuya incidencia era de 98/100.0000.
Conclusiones: Las fracturas de cadera en los 20 años de estudio se han incrementado en un 21,59%. La proporción entre los diferentes tipos de fracturas no mostró un cambio estadísticamente significativo (p>0.05), a pesar del aumento de la proporción de fracturas pertrocantéreas entre 1989-2010, representando en la actualidad mas de la mitad de las fracturas osteoporóticas de fémur proximal en nuestro medio. Sí existió un aumento estadísticamente significativo (p<0,001) en la incidencia de las fracturas cervicales desplazadas y un descenso en las no desplazadas.
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