Contribución del banco de semillas del suelo a la restauración de agroecosistemas y fragmentos de bosques del Espinal (Córdoba)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31055/1851.2372.v59.n2.43133Palabras clave:
cambio de uso del suelo, regeneración, sucesión secundaria, bosque seco, centro de Argentina.Resumen
Introducción y objetivos: El cambio de uso del suelo más significativo a nivel mundial es la transformación de ecosistemas nativos en agroecosistemas, causando pérdida de biodiversidad y servicios ecosistémicos. Potencialmente, estos sistemas degradados podrían recuperarse a partir del banco de semillas del suelo. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar la riqueza y densidad del banco de semillas en relación con un gradiente de complejidad estructural en agroecosistemas y fragmentos de bosques del Espinal, así como su potencial para regenerar especies nativas comparando su composición de especies con la vegetación establecida del sistema de referencia.
M&M: A partir de variables estructurales de vegetación y de suelo de parcelas con distintos usos de suelo, se construyó un gradiente de complejidad estructural sobre el cual se analizaron las variables del banco de semillas.
Resultados: El banco de semillas de la pastura registró la mayor riqueza, seguida por el de bosques. La mayor densidad del banco de semillas y similitud con la vegetación establecida del sistema de referencia la presentaron los bosques. Predominaron las especies herbáceas en todas las parcelas. A excepción de Celtis tala, no se observaron semillas de especies leñosas dominantes del sistema de referencia.
Conclusiones: El banco de semillas de la pastura puede contribuir en las primeras etapas de restauración, especialmente si se busca reducir los costos asociados a este proceso. Sin embargo, su aporte para recuperar los bosques nativos del Espinal en el corto o mediano plazo es limitado debido a su baja similitud con el sistema referencia.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Melina S. Piacenza, Guillermo Funes , María B. Naldini, María V. Palchetti, Esteban Kowaljow
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