Pigments synthesized by dark fungi and their impact on the deterioration of documentary heritage on paper
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31055/1851.2372.v57.n2.36580Keywords:
biodeterioration, conservation, melanins, black fungi, paperAbstract
Background and aims: Paper documents kept in museums and libraries can show noticeable signs of deterioration caused by the activity of different fungi. Some of the main pigments of fungal origin that aesthetically deteriorate this substrate and affect cultural heritage on cellulosic support are the group of dark pigments or melanins. The aim of this work is to provide an updated overview of the state of the art of black fungi that colonize paper and the melanins they synthesize, causing significant damage to documentary heritage, which is a matchless source for the history of indigenous people.
M&M: A bibliographic search of the updated and available information on the dark pigments that synthesize different black fungi that deteriorate paper was carried out. Seventy-four specialized works on the subject have been analyzed; most of them recently published in national and international journals.
Results: Knowledge about the diversity and characteristics of the dark pigments synthesized by the black fungi that deteriorate paper is key to developing prevention and remediation strategies to eliminate these pigments from cellulosic support with heritage value. This paper presents information about the black fungi that deteriorate paper, the types of melanins they can synthetize, the structures where they are accumulated, and their contribution to the aesthetic deterioration of the mentioned materials
Conclusions: This knowledge serves as the basis for developing new restoration strategies that could be effective and sustainable and the ensure the preventive conservation of historical documents and works of art on paper
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