Actualización sobre mecanismos de tumorogénesis hipofisaria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31053/1853.0605.v78.n4.29189Palabras clave:
hipófisis, adenoma, carcinogénesisResumen
Los adenomas hipofisarios son neoplasias intracraneales que surgen de las células del lóbulo anterior de la glándula, benignos y de crecimiento lento en su gran mayoría. Sin embargo, un pequeño porcentaje puede mostrar un comportamiento clínicamente agresivo y diseminarse localmente y/o a distancia como verdaderas neoplasias malignas. Durante los últimos años, se observó un importante avance en el conocimiento de la biología de los tumores hipofisarios, identificándose mutaciones de las líneas germinal, somática y mecanismos epigenéticos. Objetivo: revisar la bibliografía actualizada sobre los mecanismos que contribuyen a la tumorogénesis hipofisaria. Fuente de datos: se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica utilizando las bases de datos de MEDLINE (PubMed), LILACS y Google Scholar desde 2010 hasta abril de 2020. Conclusión: El conocimiento e información sobre los mecanismos asociados a la formación de tumores hipofisarios incrementó a lo largo de las últimas décadas, y se reconocen nuevas vías de desarrollo neoplásico. Sin embargo, en la actualidad existen pocos enfoques terapéuticos para actuar específicamente sobre la vía de génesis tumoral subyacente identificada en cada caso.
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