Petiole anatomy of 16 species of Polypodiaceae from Mexico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31055/1851.2372.v59.n3.44531Keywords:
Aerophores, circumendodermal band,, ferns, nectaries, Polypodioideae,, vascular bundlesAbstract
Background and aims: Several works have shown that the petiole possesses useful anatomical characteristics for differentiating groups. Therefore, we carried out a descriptive and comparative anatomical study of the basal, middle, and apical regions of the petiole of 16 species belonging to 8 genera of Polypodioideae growing in Mexico, to identify anatomical characters that can contribute to their delimitation and identification
M&M: Samples were collected from the basal, middle, and apical regions of the petiole and processed according to the paraffin embedding technique to obtain permanent preparations. The generated information was evaluated through a clustering analysis and a principal component analysis.
Results: All petioles showed an unistratified epidermis, a cortex differentiated into external and internal, and vascular bundles with Polypodium-type distribution. Differences were registered in the petiole diameter, indument type, circumendodermal band, and number of vascular bundles. Four types of external cortex are recognized and the presence of nectaries in Campyloneurum amphostenon and C. costatum is reported for the first time, as well as the glandular hairs inserted at the base of the scales in Microgramma percussa. Identification keys were elaborated.
Conclusions: The anatomical characteristics of the petiole allow us to differentiate taxonomically the genera and most of the species analyzed, the most important traits being the petiole diameter, the characteristics of the circumendodermal band, and the presence of aerophores and/or wings
References
ASSIS, F.C., T. E. ALMEIDA, S. J. RUSSELL, H. SCHNEIDER & A. SALINO. 2016. Molecular phylogeny and recircumscription of the fern genus Pecluma (Polypodiaceae-Polypodiopsida). Phytotaxa 247: 235-246. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.247.4.1
CURTIS, P. J. 1986. Microtecnia vegetal. Trillas, Ciudad de México.
DAVIES, K. L. 1991. A brief comparative survey of aerophore structure within the Filicopsida. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 107: 115-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1991.tb00220.x
DE LA SOTA, E. R. 1966. Revisión de las especies argentinas del grupo Polypodium squamatum L. Rev. Mus. La Plata 10: 69-186.
DÍAZ-CASTELAZO, C., V. RICO-GRAY, F. ORTEGA & G. ANGELESG. 2005. Morphological and secretory characterization of extrafloral nectaries in plants of coastal Veracruz, Mexico. Ann. Bot. 96: 1175-1189. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mci270
ESAU, K. 1972. Anatomía vegetal. Ediciones Omega, Barcelona.
FERRARI, F. B. 2009. Anatomia foliar de espécies de Aspleniaceae e Polypodiaceae (Monilófitas) ocorrentes no Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro, MG, Brasil. Tesis de Maestría. Universidad Federal de Viçosa, Brasil.
HERNÁNDEZ, M. A., R. O. VARELA, L. C. TERÁN, M. MATA. 2012. Preferencia de hospedero, orientación y rasgos morfológicos-anatómicos de Pleopeltis minima (Polypodiaceae) en un ambiente urbano. Lilloa 49: 105-117.
HERNÁNDEZ‐HERNÁNDEZ, V., T. TERRAZAS, K. MEHLTRETER & G. ÁNGELES. 2012. Studies of petiolar anatomy in ferns: structural diversity and systematic significance of the circumendodermal band. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 169: 596-610. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2012.01236.x
JAIMEZ, D. G., B. LEÓN & O. G. MARTÍNEZ. 2021. Comparative anatomy of five species of Campyloneurum (Polypodiaceae) from South America. Flora 282: 151881. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2021.151881
JOHANSEN, D. A. 1940. Plant Microtechnique. McGraw-Hill, Nueva York.
KRAUS, J.E. & M. ARDUIN. 1997. Manual básico de métodos em morfologia vegetal. EDUR, Rio de Janeiro.
LAGORIA, M. A., G. AVILA, D. A. NEIRA, A. M. RODRÍGUEZ, N. F. RÍOS, J. PRADO & M. A. HERNÁNDEZ. 2018. Morphoanatomical and histochemical characteristics of the epiphytic fern Pleopeltis macrocarpa (Polypodiaceae). Braz. J. Bot. 41: 739-750. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40415-018-0474-8
LEÓN, B. 1993. A taxonomic revision of the fern genus Campyloneurum. Tesis Doctoral. Aarhus University, Dinamarca.
LIN, B. L. & C. E. DE VOL. 1977. The use of stipe characters in fern taxonomy I. Taiwania 22: 91-99. https://doi.org/10.6165/tai.1977.22.91
LIN B. L. & C. E. DE VOL. 1978. The use of stipe characters in fern taxonomy II. Taiwania 23: 77-95. https://doi.org/10.6165/tai.1978.23.77
MAHLEY, J. N., J. PITTERMANN, N. ROWE, A. BAER … & J. BECK. 2018. Geometry, allometry and biomechanics of fern leaf petioles: their significance for the evolution of functional and ecological diversity within the Pteridaceae. Frontiers Pl. Sci. 9: 197. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00197
MARTÍNEZ, O. G. & I. VILTE. 2012. The structure of petioles in Pteris (Pteridaceae). Amer. Fern J. 102: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1640/0002-8444-102.1.1
MEHLTRETER, K, R. TENHAKEN & S. JANSEN. 2022. Nectaries in ferns: their taxonomic distribution, structure, function, and sugar composition. Amer J. Bot. 109: 46-57. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1781
MICKEL, J. T. & J. M. BEITEL. 1988. Pteridophyte Flora of Oaxaca, Mexico. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 46: 1-568.
MICKEL, J. T., A. R. SMITH. 2004. The pteridophytes of Mexico. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 88: 1-1024.
MONDAL, S. & S. MOKTAN. 2023. Implications of stipe and midrib morpho-anatomy on the taxonomy of Polypodiaceous ferns. Phytotaxa 613: 213–233. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.613.3.2
MORAN, R. C. 1995. Polypodiaceae. En: DAVIDSE, G., M. SOUZA & S. KNAPP (eds.) Flora Mesoamericana. vol. 1. Psilotaceae a Salviniaceae, pp. 333-366. Universidad Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México.
MORAN, R. C. 2022. Remarks on aerophores and the relationship between sterome and stomata in ferns. Brittonia 74: 123-147. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12228-022-09705-z
NORAINI, T., A. J. AMIRUL-AIMAN, R. JAMAN, A. R. NOR-FAIRUZ … & A. R. RUZI. 2014. Systematic significance of stipe anatomy in peninsular Malaysian Blechnum L. (Blechnaceae) species. Malaysian Appl. Biol. 43: 119-128.
OGURA, Y. 1972. Comparative anatomy of the vegetative organs of the Pteridophytes. Handbuch der Pflanzenanatomie. Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlín.
PALACIOS-RIOS, M., J. M. G. Y. GALAN, C. PRADA & V. RICO-GRAY. 2019. Structure of the petioles and costae of Mexican and Central American species of Pteris (Polypodiopsida, Pteridaceae). Phytotaxa 401: 101-106. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.401.2.2
PEÑA, E. & H. SARALEGUI. 1982. Técnicas de Anatomía Vegetal. Universidad de La Habana. La Habana.
PPG I (PTERIDOPHYTE PHYLOGENY GROUP). 2016. A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns. J. Syst.Evol.54: 563-603. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12229
RASHBROOK, V. K., S. G. COMPTON & J. H. LAWTON. 1992. Ant–herbivore interactions: reasons for the absence of benefits to a fern with foliar nectaries. Ecology 73: 2167-2174. https://doi.org/10.2307/1941464
RESMI, S, V. P. THOMAS & V. K. SREENIVAS. 2016. Stipe anatomical studies on selected Pteridophytes of South India. Acta Bot. Hung. 58: 167–176. https://doi.org/10.1556/034.58.2016.1-2.7
RZEDOWSKI J. 1978. Vegetación de México. Limusa, Ciudad de México.
SASS, J. E. 1958. Botanical microtechnique. Ames, Iowa: The Iowa State University Press.
SCHUETTPELZ, E. & K. M. PRYER. 2008. Fern phylogeny. En: RANKER, T.M. & C. H. HAUFLER (eds.) Biology and Evolution of Ferns and Lycophytes. pp. 395-416. Cambridge University Press, Nueva York.
SMITH, A. R. & J. D. TEJERO-DÍEZ. 2014. Pleopeltis (Polypodiaceae), a redefinition of the genus and nomenclatural novelties. Bot. Sci. 92: 43-58. https://doi.org/10.17129/botsci.29
SMITH, A. R., H. P. KREIER, C. H. HAUFLER, A. RANKER & H. SCHNEIDER. 2006. Serpocaulon (Polypodiaceae), a new genus segregated from Polypodium. Taxon 55: 919-930. https://doi.org/10.2307/25065686
TAN, J. M. P., M. C. BANATICLA-HILARIO, P. MALABRIGO, M. D. ANGELES & J. R. I. E. BUOT. 2020. Anatomical examination of the petiole of eupolypods I (Polypodiales). Biodiversitas 21: 1767-1777. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d210501
TEJERO-DÍEZ, J. D., S. AGUILAR-RODRÍGUEZ, T. TERRAZAS & L. PACHECO. 2010. Arquitectura y anatomía foliar del complejo Polypodium plesiosorum sensu Moran (Polypodiaceae). Revista de Biol. Trop. 58: 955-976. https://doi.org/10.15517/RBT.V58I2.5257
TEMPEL, A. S. 1983. Bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum) and nectar-feeding ants: a nonmutualistic interaction. Ecology 64: 1411-1422. https://doi.org/10.2307/1937495
UMMU-HANI, B., T. NORAINI, H. MAIDEEN, A. DAMANHURI … & A. R. RUZI. 2013. Taxonomic value of the stipe anatomy in Davallia (Davalliaceae) in Peninsular Malaysia. Malayan Nat. J. 65: 130-144.
VASCO, A., R. C. MORAN & B. A. AMBROSE. 2013. The evolution, morphology, and development of fern leaves. Frontiers Pl. Sci. 4: 345. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2013.00345
WEBER, M. G. & K. H. KEELER. 2012. The phylogenetic distribution of extrafloral nectaries in plants. Ann. Bot. 111: 1251-1261. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcs225
WEI, R. & X. C. ZHANG. 2022. A revised subfamilial classification of Polypodiaceae based on plastome, nuclear ribosomal, and morphological evidence. Taxon. 71: 288-306. https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.12658
ZLOTNIK, E. A. 1987. Anatomía comparada de dos formas de crecimiento de la especie Polypodium aureum L. (Filicales, Pterophyta). Tesis de Licenciatura. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México.
ZLOTNIK, E. A. 1991. Anatomía de Polypodiaceae s. str. Tesis de Maestría. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Sarahi Luis- Enríquez, Aniceto C. Mendoza Ruiz, Jacqueline Ceja Romero, Ernesto Velázquez-Montes
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Provides immediate and free OPEN ACCESS to its content under the principle of making research freely available to the public, which fosters a greater exchange of global knowledge, allowing authors to maintain their copyright without restrictions.
Material published in Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International license.
