Eventos traumáticos en la infancia en una población masculina privada de su libertad: estudio de prevalencia
Palabras clave:
Maltrato infantil, Abuso Infantil, Hombres detenidos, Trastorno psiquiátrico, Escala ACEResumen
Objetivo: Se ha observado, en diversos estudios, elevados índices de trastornos psiquiátricos y de eventos traumáticas durante la infancia en sujetos que se hallan privados de su libertad en instituciones carcelarias. El objetivo del estudio era evaluar la prevalencia de los diferentes tipos de experiencias adversas infantiles y la prevalencia de trastornos psiquiátricos de pacientes- internos de sexo masculinos alojados en una institución psiquiátrica- penitenciaria.
Materiales y método: Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico, entre Marzo y Julio del año 2011; Se evaluaron a 59 internos-pacientes en la Sala de Observación y Evaluación Psiquiátrica de la unidad 20 del Servicio Psiquiátrico Central de Varones, ubicada en el predio del Hospital J. T. Borda de la Ciudad Autónoma de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, en la República Argentina.
Se utilizaron las escalas: SCID I y II y la ACE (Adverse Childhood Experience).
Resultados: 91 % de los participantes habían padecido alguna experiencia adversa en su infancia. Se encontró una elevada tasa de abusos en sus distintas formas: físico (59 %), emocional (54 %), sexual (18%) y negligencia (66 %). A su vez se observó que todos los pacientes presentaban algún trastorno mental. El diagnostico más frecuente es el trastorno de personalidad (69.4 %). Se observo que la mayoría de los abusos eran perpetrados por personas pertenecientes al grupo familiar de los pacientes.
Conclusiones: se observaron altas tasas de prevalencia de experiencias adversas infantiles y de trastornos psiquiátricos en sujetos privados de su libertad, coincidiendo con lo demostrado en otros estudios en poblaciones similares.
Summary
Objective: We have observed, in several studies, high rates of psychiatric disorders and traumatic childhood experiences in people who are deprived of their freedom in prison institutions. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of different types of adverse childhood experiences and the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patient-internal male in a prison psychiatric institution.
Materials and Methods: An epidemiological study was conducted between March and July 2011 in which 59 inmates-patients were evaluated in the observation room and Psychiatric Evaluation (SOEP) of the unit 20 in the Central Psychiatric Service Men, which was located on the campus of J.T. Borda Hospital of the City of Buenos Aires, in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
SCID I and II, and ACE (Adverse Experience Childhood) scales were used.
Results: 91% of participants had suffered any adverse experience in childhood. Physical (59%), emotional (54%), sexual (18%) and negligence (66%): a high rate of abuse in its various forms was found. At the same time it was observed that all patients had a mental disorder. The most common diagnosis is personality disorder (69.4%). It was observed that most of the abuses were perpetrated by people in your household.
Conclusions: high prevalence rates of adverse childhood experiences and psychiatric disorders private individuals of their liberty were observed to coincide with that shown in other studies in similar populations
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