El regreso de la migración silenciosa: adopción internacional, raza y diferencia

Jessaca B. Leinaweaver

doi:10.31048/1852.4826.v16.n2.42317

Autores

Jessaca B. Leinaweaver Brown University, USA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31048/1852.4826.v16.n2.42317

Palavras-chave:

Adoção, Demografia, Migração, Parentesco, Espanha

Resumo

Os demógrafos consideram a adoção internacional principalmente como um tipo incomum de migração. Essa perspectiva oferece aos antropólogos novas formas de pensar sobre o parentesco. Com base no conjunto de trabalhos demográficos e estudos antropológicos sobre parentesco e migração, este artigo desenvolve uma nova abordagem híbrida para a adoção internacional como um processo social complexo que é tanto migratório quanto produtor de parentesco. Ver a adoção internacional como uma forma de migração revela o fato de que os "fatores de pressão" e os "fatores de atração" do evento não se alinham perfeitamente. Usando uma perspectiva antropológica de curso de vida, o artigo explora como as experiências desses "migrantes" e daqueles próximos a eles, ao longo do tempo, podem ser entendidas não apenas como um produto da migração, mas também como racialização. Olhar para a vida das pessoas adotadas através das lentes da migração revela alguns dos desconfortos persistentes que impedem conversas abertas sobre diferença racial e status de minoria no contexto adotivo, ou seja, um contexto em que as crianças foram forçadas a migrar, integradas às famílias. Este artigo baseia-se em dados etnográficos de trabalho de campo com pais espanhóis que adotaram crianças peruanas para construir o argumento de que a adoção internacional é um tipo particular de migração que produz uma categoria minoritária dentro de uma população majoritária.

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