Fetal exposure to bisphenol A: Presence of bisphenol A in urine of pregnant women assisted in a hospital in the City of Buenos Aires. Year 2013
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31053/1853.0605.v76.n2.22806Keywords:
bisphenol a, glycidyl methacrylate, pregnant women, urine, endocrine disruptors, epidemiology, environmental health.Abstract
Introduction: Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor (ED) possibly linked to adverse reproductive and neurodevelopmental effects that is used as an additive in food and beverage containers. There are no data of BPA levels in the Argentine population. The objective of this study was to measure BPA in the urine of pregnant women.
Methods: Cross-sectional study. Detection of BPA in pregnant women of the Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires in 2013, using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry with a limit of quantification of 2 ng / ml and detection of 0.8 ng / ml. The proportion of women exposed to BPA within the 95% confidence interval (IC 95%) is described.
Results: 149 pregnant women, average age 32 years (Standard Deviation 5.3), 81% (95% CI 73.9-86.9) workers and 83.7% (95% CI 76.7-89.1) have university or higher education, 66.4% (95% CI 58-74.0) of the urinary samples were quantifiable, with a median BPA of 4.3 ng/mg Cr (RI 3.2-6.7).
Conclusions: This study shows that exposure to BPA during the process of embryonic development in a sector of the population of Argentina is widespread. In Argentina, the use of this ED is only regulated in baby bottles.
Downloads
References
Olea N, Molina MJ, Garcia-Martin M, Olea-Serrano MF. Modern agricultural practices: The human price. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev. 1996; 5(4): 455-474.
Center for Disease control and prevention, National Health and nutrition Examination Survey: lab methods 2003-2004. 2008.
Vandenberg LN, Colborn T, Hayes TB, Heindel JJ, Jacobs Jr DR, Lee DH et al. Hormones and endocrine-disrupting chemicals: low-dose effects and nonmonotonic dose responses. Endocr Rev. 2012 Jun; 33(3): 378-455.
Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Medio Ambiente. Convenio de Estocolmo sobre Contaminantes Orgánicos Persistentes. 2005.
Mileva G, Baker SL, Konkle ATM, Bielajew C. Bisphenol-A: epigenetic reprogramming and effects on reproduction and behavior. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014; 11(7): 7537-7561.
Vandenberg LN, Chahoud I, Heindel JJ, Padmanabhan V, Paumgartten FJR, Schoenfelder G. Urinary, circulating, and tissue biomonitoring studies indicate widespread exposure to bisphenol A. Environ Health Perspect. 2010 Mar 24; 118(8): 1055.
Lorber M, Schecter A, Paepke O, Shropshire W, Christensen K, Birnbaum L. Exposure assessment of adult intake of bisphenol A (BPA) with emphasis on canned food dietary exposures. Environ Int, Apr 2015; 77: 55-62.
González GL, Tejera Pérez, Cintia Hernández-Sánchez, Carmen Rubio Armendáriz, Consuelo Revert Gironés, Angel Gutiérrez Fernández,González, G.L., et al., Toxicidad del Bisfenol A (BPA): migración desde los envases a los alimentos. Aula de la farmacia: revista profesional de formación continuada. 2011; 7(87): 58-65.
Shimizu M, Ohta K, Matsumoto Y, Fukuoka M, Ohno Y, Ozawa S. Sulfation of bisphenol A abolished its estrogenicity based on proliferation and gene expression in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2002 oct; 16(5): p. 549-56.
Balakrishnan B, Henare K, Thorstensen EB, Ponnampalam AP, Mitchell MD. Transfer of bisphenol A across the human placenta. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Apr; 202(4): 393 e1-7.
Fernández MF, Olea N. Endocrine disruptors. Is there sufficient evidence to act? Gac Sanit. 2014 Mar-Apr;28(2):93-5.
Falero Morejón A, Pérez C, Luna B, Fonseca M. Impacto de los disruptores endocrinos en la salud y el medio ambiente. Revista CENIC. Ciencias Biológicas. 2005; 36.
López-Espinosa MJ. Exposición materno-infantil vía placentaria a compuestos químicos medioambientales con actividad hormonal. Editorial de la Universidad de Granada. 2006.
Juan-García A, Gallego C, Font G. Toxicidad del Bisfenol A: Revisión. Revista de Toxicología. 2015; 32 (2): 144-160.
Singh S, Li SS. Epigenetic effects of environmental chemicals bisphenol A and phthalates. Int J Mol Sci. 2012; 13(8): 10143-53.
Muñoz-de-Toro M, Markey CM, Wadia PR, Luque EH, Rubin BS, Sonnenschein C, et al. Perinatal exposure to bisphenol-A alters peripubertal mammary gland development in mice. Endocrinology. 2005 Sep;146(9):4138-47.
Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Palioura E, Kandarakis SA, Koutsilieris M. The impact of endocrine disruptors on endocrine targets. Horm Metab Res. 2010 Jul;42(8):543-52.
Goldman L, Falk H, Landrigan PJ, Balk SJ, Reigart JR, Etzel RA. Environmental pediatrics and its impact on government health policy..Pediatrics. 2004 Apr;113(4 Suppl):1146-57.
Cabaton NJ, Wadia PR, Rubin BS, Zalko D, Schaeberle CM, Askenase MH et al. Perinatal exposure to environmentally relevant levels of bisphenol A decreases fertility and fecundity in CD-1 mice. Environ Health Perspect. 2011 Apr;119(4):547-52.
Miao M, Yuan W, He Y, Zhou Z, Wang J, Gao E et al. In utero exposure to bisphenol-A and anogenital distance of male offspring..Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2011 Oct;91(10):867-72.
Gill WB, Schumacher GF, Bibbo M, Straus FH 2nd, Schoenberg HW. Association of diethylstilbestrol exposure in utero with cryptorchidism, testicular hypoplasia and semen abnormalities. J Urol. 1979 Jul;122(1):36-9.
Argemi F, Cianni N, Porta A. Disrupción endocrina: perspectivas ambientales y salud pública. Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam. 2005 Jun; 39 (3): 291-300.
Caserta D, Bordi G, Ciardo F, Marci R, La Rocca C, Tait S et al. The influence of endocrine disruptors in a selected population of infertile women. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2013 May;29(5):444-7.
Guillette Jr LJ, Crain DA. Endocrine disrupting contaminants: an evolutionary perspective. 1st ed. Philadelphia: Francis and Taylor Inc; 2000.
Calafat AM, Ye X, Wong LY, Reidy JA, Needham LL.Exposure of the U.S. population to bisphenol A and 4-tertiary-octylphenol: 2003-2004. Environ Health Perspect. 2008 Jan;116(1):39-44.
Ye X1, Pierik FH, Hauser R, Duty S, Angerer J, Park MM, Burdorf A et al. Urinary metabolite concentrations of organophosphorous pesticides, bisphenol A, and phthalates among pregnant women in Rotterdam, the Netherlands: the Generation R study. Environ Res. 2008 Oct;108(2):260-7.
Determinación de los Niveles de Bisfenol A en Orina de Mujeres Embarazadas por Cromatografía Gaseosa - Espectrometría de Masa. Acta Bioquímica Clínica Latinoamericana. Forthcoming 2019.
Lang IA, Galloway TS, Scarlett A, Henley WE, Depledge M, Wallace RB et al. Association of urinary bisphenol A concentration with medical disorders and laboratory abnormalities in adults. JAMA. 2008 Sep 17;300(11):1303-10.
Miao M, Wang Z, Liu X, Liang H, Zhou Z, Tan H et al. Urinary bisphenol A and pubertal development in Chinese school-aged girls: a cross-sectional study. Environ Health. 2017 Jul 27;16(1):80.
Casas L, Fernández MF, Llop S, Guxens M, Ballester F, Olea N et al. Urinary concentrations of phthalates and phenols in a population of Spanish pregnant women and children. Environ Int. 2011 Jul;37(5):858-66.
Yuan SF, Liu ZH, Lian HX, Yang C, Lin Q, Yin H et al. Simultaneous determination of estrogenic odorant alkylphenols, chlorophenols, and their derivatives in water using online headspace solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016 Oct;23(19):19116-25.
Rose, G. (2001). Sick individuals and sick populations. International Journal of Epidemiology. 2001 Jun;30(3): 427-432.
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The Faculty of Medical Sciences Journal (RFCM) subscribes to the Open Access policy and does not charge authors fees for publishing, nor does it charge readers fees for accessing published articles (APC).
