The “Models of Exceptional Situations” and the study of the hunter-gatherers societies
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Abstract
Archeologists and ethnographers have recently devoted considerable effort to the study of hunter-gatherer societies. When the results of these works were applied to archeology, a series of very useful discussions were generated, which focused mainly on: (1) inference methodology, (2) mutual limits between archeology and ethnography, and (3 ) relevance of the present to understand the past. I will present a discussion about them. These three themes are inextricably linked together, so I will not discuss them separately, but together. It can be said that there is a great general issue - the role of argument by analogy - that is present in each of the three themes mentioned above. So it can be said that all these discussions generated around hunters and gatherers, both living and extinct, essentially depend on the concept of argument by analogy.
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