Trastornos respiratorios durante el sueño en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular isquémico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31053/1853.0605.v78.n3.28102Palabras clave:
accidente cerebrovascular, polisomnografía, síndromes de la apnea del sueñoResumen
Introducción:
Los trastornos respiratorios durante el sueño (TRDS), sobre todo el síndrome de apneas hipopneas obstructivas (SAHOS) en pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular o ACV, son frecuentes y pueden complicar su evolución. El objetivo fue analizar diversos TRDS en pacientes con ACV.
Métodos:
Estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal y retrospectivo de 19 meses, en pacientes con ACV, mediante polisomnografía nocturna con oximetría (PSG).
Resultados:
Se incluyó a 53 pacientes, con edad media de 67 ± 12 años, y 62% pertenecían al sexo masculino. Se evaluó los TRDS mediante polisomnografía nocturna con oximetría dentro de los 10 días de instalado el ACV. Se detectó un índice de apneas hipopneas durante el sueño (IAH) de grado leve en 21%, grado moderado en 31% y severo en 34%. La media de tiempo de saturación de oxígeno < a 90% fue de 38 ±51 minutos. La saturación mínima de oxígeno fue marcada en lesiones infratentoriales.
Conclusión:
Nosotros hemos encontrado en nuestro estudio, un alto porcentaje de SAHOS, que se asoció a pacientes de mayor edad y mayor índice de masa corporal. Se constató descenso marcado de la saturación mínima y mayor tendencia a presentar apneas centrales en lesiones infratentoriales. El diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz podría minimizar el daño neuronal y mejorar el pronóstico.
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