Intake of food source of fatty acids and their relationship with the concentration of serum lipoperoxides in adults with dyslipidemia

Abstract

Dyslipidemia (DLP), a risk factor (RF) for cardiometabolic diseases, promotes the development of a systemic inflammation, triggering a state of oxidative stress, which produces reactive species of oxygen and lipoperoxides (LPO). Dietary fatty acids (FA) could modulate these oxidative processes.

The aim of this work was to analyze the association between the intake of food sources (FS) of FA and the serum LPO presence in adults with DLP.

The non-probability and intentional sample, included adults over 35 years of age, both sexes, with diagnosis of DLP who attended at the Cardiology Service of Non-invasive Techniques of the Hospital Nacional de Clínicas, in Cordoba City, Argentina; between 2014 - 2018. The study was hospital-based, descriptive, correlational and transversal; included 61 participants. A validated questionnaire of food consumption frequency, anthropometric measurements and blood extraction were appliedSerum lipid profile, glycaemia, PCRus and LPO were analyzed. The concentration of serum LPO was related to the consumption of saturated and unsaturated FS of FA through the Spearman correlation test.

The population presented a lot of RF, such as excess weight (85.2%) according to body mass index (BMI) and very increased cardiometabolic risk (70.5%) according to waist circumference. The most prevalent type of DLP was hypertriglyceridemia (63.9%). The total FS consumption of saturated FA was 553.85 g/day, n-6 FA was 150.8 g/day, n-3 FA was 4.65 g/day and n-9 FA was 13.29 g/day. A statistically significant inverse correlation was observed between consumption of FS of n-9 FA and absorbance of serum LPO (r= -0.4, p=0.03).

Increased consumption of FS of n-9 FA could be a therapeutic strategy to decrease oxidative stress in the population under study.