The neoliberal city revisited Codes, urbans agreements, and social conflicts. The State at the service of the real estate market. Argentina (2012-2022)
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Abstract
After the result of the PASO On August 13, 2023 in Argentina, the most voted force in the figure of Javier Milei, opens the possibility of the return of neoliberalism to the government and a review is timely. Neoliberalism has been evolving in the world for more
than eighty years; During this time, it has deployed its postulates in various forms of territorialization. Cities have represented a privileged scale for its reproduction. It is proposed in this article to make an extract of its postulates and historical evolution based
on a bibliographic review. It is complemented by the analysis of the instruments for applying neoliberal urban policies: “a new generation of urban codes” and “urban agreements”. Comparative studies are collected from the cities of Buenos Aires,
Córdoba and Rosario in Argentina between 2012 and 2022. The new codes and urban planning agreements are constituted as urban management instruments that articulate specific arrangements established between development companies and the city
government. The objective is to observe the impact of this instrument between the years 2012-2022, and its implementation in these three cities in relation to social conflict. Finally, it is concluded that the territorialization of the neoliberal city through this
instrument has led to channeling a strong flow of capital from other formal and informal sectors of the economy; and on the other hand to the establishment of exclusive highend territories within the cities; generating more inequality, fragmentation due to
accumulation of exceptions, since these agreements are approved under a tax collection logic, with strong social segregation, and territorial imbalances. It has accentuated conflict between neighbors, where the unequal territorialization of neoliberal projects is
manifested, characterized by their variable, multi-scalar and interconnected geographic matrix.
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