Global and regional trends in life expectances in extreme ages. Period 1950-2015

Abstract

In the last decades of the XXth century there takes place in the demographic theory a major interest to analyze the mortality, till then the phenomenon of the birthrate had been prioritized. On having been born between 1950 and 2015, due to the descent of the general mortality and of the infant mortality, the significant increase of the life expectancy motivates the present article that proposes to realize a longitudinal analysis on the life expectancy in extreme ages in the mentioned period, planning possible linked explanatory with the transitions sanitary ware and epidemiologic. Between the targets one tries to examine the increase of the hope of the elderly in the contribution to the mentioned increase, doing a statistical treatment following a trip between: the relation between the growth and the changeability at interfive-year level in every region and the comparison between the same ones – differing in all the situations between three chosen life expectancies and according to sex – the arranging between regions according to the absolute and relative values, and the advances and regressions in interfive-year terms between 1950-55 and 2010-15. Regressions are identified in the evolution of the life expectancy in extreme ages – as they are 80 years old and 100 and more years – in some regions, given the biggest difficulty of reducing the endogenous or chronic illnesses. In these extreme ages, also one emphasizes the paradoxical behavior of the feminine sobrevida as regions. These results, like other present empirical finds in this article, they deserve later deepening by means of a major spatial disintegration, and the crossing with other relevancy variables. The information sources correspond to United Nations – review of the year 2017 – the values corresponding to the life expectancies appear for periods of five years, being the chosen regions: Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean Sea, Asia, Africa, North America and Oceania.