El factor p. ¿La estructura subyacente a la psicopatología?
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https://doi.org/10.35670/1667-4545.v19.n3.26774Palabras clave:
rasgos patológicos de personalidad, factor general de psicopatología, modelos dimensionales, PID-5, análisis factorial confirmatorio, modelo bifactorResumen
La psicopatología se encuentra en un momento de crisis. Los sistemas clasificatorios categoriales han recibido diversas críticas por parte de investigadores y de clínicos. Nuevas propuestas intentan presentar un modelo superador, dimensional y jerárquico. Entre ellas se destacan las que postulan la existencia de un factor general de psicopatología. En este trabajo se buscó analizar la estructura subyacente a los rasgos de personalidad patológicos del modelo dimensional alternativo del DSM-5, buscando aportar evidencia a tales propuestas. Para esto, se examinó la estructura interna de una versión en castellano del Inventario de Personalidad para el DSM-5 [PID-5], mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio. Se compararon cuatro modelos alternativos: el modelo original de cinco factores, de un factor de orden superior, modelo bifactor y unidimensional. El modelo bifactor presentó un mejor ajuste a los datos. Esto sugiere que las variables observadas reflejan cinco rasgos patológicos específicos pero también una propensión general a la psicopatología.
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