Estructura Factorial del Cuestionario de Estrés Percibido en la población Universitaria

Luciana Sofía Moretti; Leonardo Adrián Medrano

doi:10.35670/1667-4545.v14.n1.11518

Autores/as

Luciana Sofía Moretti Universidad Siglo 21, Córdoba, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8792-9565
Leonardo Adrián Medrano Universidad Siglo 21, Córdoba, Argentina. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3371-5040

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35670/1667-4545.v14.n1.11518

Palabras clave:

estrés percibido, validación, confiabilidad, estudiantes universitarios

Resumen

El objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar la validación de la Escala de Estrés Percibido (CEP) de Levenstein et al. (1993) en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios cordobeses. Mediante un muestreo probabilístico intencional se seleccionaron 315 estudiantes universitarios de ambos sexos con una media de edad de 22.88 (SD = 4.26). Se llevaron a cabo estudios para evaluar la confiabilidad mediante la estructura interna y consistencia interna del instrumento. A partir del análisis factorial exploratorio realizado se obtuvieron tres factores que explicaban el 50,1% de la varianza total de la prueba: 1) Tensión y agotamiento; 2) Sobrecarga, y 3) Indefensión. Los índices de consistencia interna obtenidos a partir del Coeficiente α de Cronbach oscilaron entre .85 y .87, todos ellos considerados óptimos. A partir de los resultados obtenidos en las pruebas psicométricas realizadas se puede decir que el CEP es un instrumento válido y confiable para utilizarse en estudiantes universitarios. Sin embargo, estos resultados son preliminares, por lo que se requieren estudios adicionales que complementen estos hallazgos.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

Al-Sowygh, Z. H. (2013). Academic distress, perceived stress and coping strategies among dental students in Saudi Arabia. The Saudi Dental Journal, 25, 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sdentj.2013.05.002

Barraza Macías, A., & Silerio Quiñonez, J. (2012). Indefensión escolar aprendida en alumnos de educación media superior y su relación con dos indicadores del desempeño académico. Psicogente, 15(28), 337-347.

Beck, A. T., Emery, G. & Greenberg, R. (2014). Trastornos de ansiedad y fobias. Una perspectiva cognitiva.

Bewick, B., Koutsopoulou, G., Miles, J., Slaa, E. & Barkham, M. (2010). Changes in Undergraduate Students‟ Psychological Wellbeing as They Progress through University. Studies in Higher Education, 35, 633-645.

Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983). A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24, 385-396. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2136404

Chrousos, G. P. (2009). Stress and disorders of the stress system. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 5, 374-381. doi: 10.1038/nrendo.2009.106

Docampo, M. (2002). Diferencias de género en las explicaciones causales de adolescentes. Psicothema, 14, 572-576.

Eisenbarth, C. A., Champeau, D. A., & Donatelle, R. J. (2013). Relationship of Appraised Stress, Coping Strategies, and Negative Affect among College Students. International Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 3, 131-138.

Fliege, H., Rose, M., Arck, P., Levenstein, S., & Klapp, B. F. (2001). Validierung des “Perceived Stress Questionnaire" (PSQ) an einerdeutschen strichprobe. Diagnostica, 142-152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1026//0012-1924.47.3.142

González Ramírez, M. T., & Landero Hernández, R. (2008). Confirmación de un modelo explicativo del estrés y de los síntomas psicosomáticos mediante ecuaciones estructurales. Rev Panam Salud Publica, 23(1),7–18.

Hammen, C. (2005). Stress and depression. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 1, 293-319. doi: 10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.143938

Hammen, C., Brennan, P. A., & Shih, J. H. (2004) Family Discord and Stress Predictors of Depression and Other Disorders in Adolescent Children of Depressed and Nondepressed Women. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 43, 994-1002.

Hoehn-Saric, R., McLeod, D. R., FunderBurk, F., & Kowalski, P. (2004). Somatic symptoms and physiologic responses in generalized anxiety disorderand panic disorder. An ambulatory monitor study. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 61 (9), 913-921. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.61.9.913.

Hogan, T. (2004). Pruebas Psicológicas.México: Manual Moderno.Horowitz, M. J., Wilner, N., & Alvarez, W. (1979). Impact of event scale: A measure of subjective distress. Psychosomatic Medicine, 41, 209-218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006842-197905000-00004

Karatza, E., Kourou, D., Galanakis, M., Varvogli, L., & Darviri, C. (2014). Validation of the greek version of perceived stress questionnaire: Psychometric properties and factor structure in a population-based survey. Psychology, 5, 1268-1284. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/psych.2014.510139

Kocalevent, R. D., Levenstein, S., Fliege, H., Schmid, G., Hinz, A., Brähler, E., & Klapp, B. F. (2007). Contribution to the construct validity of the Perceived Stress Questionnaire from a population-based survey. Journal of psychosomatic research, 63(1), 71-81.

Krohn, M., Listing, M., Tjahjono, G., Reisshauer, A., Peters, E., Klapp, F. B., & Rauchfuss, M. (2011). Depression, mood, stress, and Th1/ Th2 immune balance in primary breast cancer patients undergoing classical massage therapy. Supportive Care in Cancer, 19, 1303-1311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00520-010-0946-2

Lazarus, R. S. & Folkman, S. (1984). Estrés y Procesos Cognitivos. Barcelona: Martínez Roca.

Lee, C., Dickson, D. A., Conley, C. S., & Holmbeck, G. N. (2014). A Closer Look at Self-Esteem, Perceived Social Support, and Coping Strategy: A Prospective Study of Depressive Symptomatology across the Transition to College. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 33, 560-585.

Levenstein, S., Prantera, C., Varvo, V., Scribano, M. L., Berto, E., Luzi, C., & Andreoli, A. (1993). Development of the Perceived Stress Questionnaire: a new tool for psychosomatic research. Journal of Psychosomatic research, 37(1), 19-32.

Linton, R. (2014). Personal and Work Stressors as Possible Predictors of Feelings of Hopelessness in Law Enforcement (Doctoral dissertation, Alliant International University).

Liu, R. T., & Alloy, L. B. (2010). Stress generation in depression: A systematic review of theempirical literature and recommendationsfor future study. Clinical Psychology Review, 30,582-593.

Lorentz, M. (2006). Stress and psychoneuroimmunology revised: Using mind-body intervention to reduce stress. Alternative Journal of Nursing, (11),1-11.

Montero-Marin, J., Piva Demarzo, M. M., Pereira, J. P., Olea, M., & García-Campayo, J. (2014). Reassessment of the psychometric characteristics and factor structure of the "Perceived Stress Questionnaire" (PSQ): Analysis in a sample of dental students. PLoS ONE, 9(1). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087071

Peackock, E. J. & Wong, P. T. P. (1990). The stress appraisal measure (SAM): A multidimensional approach to cognitive appraisal. Stress Medicine, 6, 227-236.

Perez, E. R., & Medrano, L. (2011). Análisis factorial exploratorio: Bases conceptuales y metodológicas. Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento, 2(1), 58-66.

Phillips, A. C., Burns, V. E., Carroll, D., Ring, C., & Drayson, M. (2005). The association between life events, social support, and antibody status following thymus-dependent and thymus-independent vaccinations in healthy young adults. Brain, behavior, and immunity, 19(4), 325-333.

Polanco-Roman, L., & Miranda, R. (2013). Culturally-related stress, hopelessness, and vulnerability to depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in emerging adulthood. Behavior Therapy, 44, 75-87.

Sanz-Carrillo, C., Garcia-Campayo, J., Rubio, A., Santed, M. A., & Montoro, M. (2002). Validation of the spanish version of the Perceived Stress Questionnaire. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 52, 167-172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3999(01)00275-6

Seligman, M. E. P. (1975). Helplessness: On depression, development, and death. San Francisco: Freeman.

Stallman, H.M. (2010) Psychological Distress in University Students: A Comparison with General Population Data. Australian Psychologist, 45, 249-257.

Stewart-Brown, S., Evans, J., Patterson, J., Petersen, S., Doll, H., Balding, J., & Regis, D. (2000). The Health of Students in Institutes of Higher Education: An Important and Neglected Public Health Problem. Journal of Public Health Medicine, 22, 492.

Tabachnick, B. & Fidell, L. (2001). Using multivariate statistics. New York: Harper & Row.

Watkins, M. (2008). Monte Carlo for PCA parallel analysis (Version 2.3) [Computer software].

Wikgren, M., Maripuu, M., Karlsson, T., Nordfall, K., Bergdahl, J., Hultdin, J., Del-Favero, J., Roos, G., Nilsson, L. G., Adolfsson, R., & Norrback, K. F. (2012). Short telomeres in depression and the general population are associated with a hypocortisolemic state. Biological Psychiatry, 71, 294-300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.09.015

Wood, C. M., Cano-Vindel, A., & Salguero, J. M. (en prensa). A diathesis-stress model of panic disorder in the general population: the mediator role of physiological anxiety and physical concerns. Anxiety, Stress & Coping.