Neoliberal development, transnational capital and the role of law: brief analysis of the Chevron case in Ecuador

Article Sidebar

PDF (Português (Brasil)) HTML (Português (Brasil))
Published: Jul 17, 2020
Keywords:
Transnational capital, Neoliberalism, Impunity, Chevron, Ecuador

Main Article Content

Vitor de Souza Costa
Universidade Federal da Bahia
Daniel Maurício de Aragão
Universidade Federal da Bahia

Abstract

The acceleration of capitalist transnationalization in recent decades has been supported by the diffusion and application of a neoliberal-based development model, as well as adjustments in the field of law as a way to ensure the accumulation of capital and the impunity of corporations in human rights violations, including environmental ones.The article relies on bbliographic research and field research with interviews and discusses concepts such as discipliny neoliberalism, supremacy, lex mercatoria and new constitutionalism. Based on the Chevron case in Ecuador, the article aims to analyze how corporate transnationalization, human rights violations and impunity are established. It thus notes the contradictions and tensions in Ecuador since the 1990s regarding Chevron's actions in the country and highlights the role of governments, social movements and organizations as they attempt to address the legal limitations for Chevron's effective condemnation. The article presents, therefore, the political and economic context that allowed Chevron's action in the country and the advances and setbacks in the fight for justice inside and outside Ecuador.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

How to Cite
de Souza Costa, V., & Aragão, D. M. de. (2020). Neoliberal development, transnational capital and the role of law: brief analysis of the Chevron case in Ecuador. Administración Pública Y Sociedad (APyS), (9), 6–31. Retrieved from https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/APyS/article/view/28841
Issue
No. 9 (2020): Enero - Junio
Section
Dossier Temático
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish in this journal accept the following terms of the copyright policy:

  1. Authors shall retain their copyright (including copyrights) and shall grant to the journal the right of first publication of their work, which shall simultaneously be subject to the Creative Commons Recognition License: No commercial use of the original work or any derivative works is permitted, distribution of which must be made under a license equal to that which governs the original work. 
  2. Authors may adopt other non-exclusive license agreements for the distribution of the version of the published work (e.g., placing it in an institutional repository or publishing it in a book) provided that the initial publication in this journal is indicated. 
  3. Authors are allowed and encouraged to disseminate their work through the Internet (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) after the publication process, which may lead to interesting exchanges and increased citations of the published work.  (See The Effect of Open Access).

References

ANDERSON, Perry (1995). Balanço do neoliberalismo. En: SADER, Emir; GENTILI, Pablo (Ed.). Pós-neoliberalismo: as políticas sociais e o Estado democrático (pp. 9-23). Rio de Janeiro: Paz e Terra.

BRAND, Ulrich (2005). “Order and regulation: Global Governance as a hegemonic discourse of international politics?”. Review Of International Political Economy, v. 12, n. 1, p.155-176

BRIEGER, Pedro (2018). Ecuador: cuando el mundo conoció “la mano sucia de Chevron”. Disponível em: <https://bit.ly/2VDLQZk>. Acesso em: 16 abr. 2020.

BUTLER, Eamonn (2014). A Short History of The Mont Pelerin Society. Disponível em: <https://bit.ly/2Sa5vid>. Acesso em 15 dez. 2019.

CHESNAIS, François (1996). A mundialização do capital. São Paulo: Xamã.

CONAIE, Confederación de Nacionalidades Indígenas del Ecuador (2017). Resoluciones del Consejo Ampliado de la CONAIE. Disponível em: <https://bit.ly/359xXVS>. Acesso em: 14 abr. 2020.

CORREA, Rafael (2012). “Ecuador's Path”. New Left Review, n. 77, p.88-104.

COX, Robert (2007). Gramsci, Hegemonia e Relações internacionais. Um Ensaio sobre o Método. En: GILL, Stephen. Gramsci: materialismo histórico e relações internacionais. Rio de Janeiro: Editora UFRJ.

CUTLER, A. Claire (2006a). “Gramsci, Law, and the Culture of Global Capitalism”. Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy. vol. 8, n. 4, pág. 527-542. Disponível em: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13698230500205227>.

CUTLER, A. Claire (2003). Private Power and Global Authority: transnational merchant law in the global political economy. Transnational Merchant Law in the Global Political Economy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

CUTLER, A. Claire (2006b). Transnational Business Civilization, Corporations, and the Privatization of Global Governance. En: MAY, Christopher et al. Global Corporate Power (pp. 199-225). Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publisher.

DIÁLOGO entre el Gobierno del Ecuador y movimientos indígenas (2019). Quito: RT en vivo. (62 min.), son., color. Disponível em: <https://bit.ly/3cQJcp6>. Acesso em: 12 abr. 2020.

ECOSOC, Economic And Social Council (2005). Updated Set of principles for the protection and promotion of human rights through action to combat impunity. Disponível em: <https://bit.ly/2TyHkdE>. Acesso em: 09 mar. 2020.

ECUADOR, República del (2008). Constitución de la República del Ecuador. Disponível em: <https://bit.ly/3bH1yZk>. Acesso em 10 abr. 2020.

ECUADOR, República del. Ministério de Ambiente del ([201?]a). Ecuador mostró al mundo la «mano sucia» de Chevron. Disponível em: <https://bit.ly/3aEy7Ww>. Acesso em: 16 abr. 2020.

ECUADOR, República del ([201-?]b). Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Movilidad Humana del. Cónsules del Ecuador respaldan campaña “La Mano Sucia de Chevron”. Disponível em: <https://bit.ly/2xaKVX7>. Acesso em: 16 abr. 2020.

FRIEDMAN, Milton (1951). Neo-Liberalism and its Prospects. Disponível em: <https://hvr.co/2Q0VKAp>. Acesso em: 16 set. 2019.

GILL, Stephen (2008). Power and Resistance in the New World Order. 2nd edition. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

GONÇALVES, Rodrigo Santaella (2020). “Teoria do subsolo: aportes bolivianos à teoria democrática”. Tensões Mundiais, Fortaleza, v. 30, n. 16, p. 45-68.

GUAMÁN, Adoración; MORENO, Gabriel (2018). Empresas transnacionales y Derechos Humanos: la necesidad de un Instrumento Vinculante. Albacete: Editorial Bomarzo.

GUERRA, Alexandre et al (2017). Poder e Corrupção do Capitalismo. São Paulo: Fundação Perseu Abramo.

HARVEY, David (2006). “Neo-Liberalism as Creative Destruction”. Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography, Suécia, v. 88, n. 2, p.145-158.

HARVEY, David (2014). O neoliberalismo: história e implicações. 5ª ed. São Paulo: Edições Loyola.

HIRSCH, Joachim (2010). Teoria Materialista do Estado. Rio de Janeiro: Revan.

LANG, Miriam (2019). Vitória Histórica do Movimento Indígena no Equador. Boletim do Observatório da Diversidade Cultural, Belo Horizonte, v. 85, n. 05, p.29-35, set./out. 2019. Disponível em: https://bit.ly/2xxdn5g. Acesso em: 24 mar. 2020.

“LENÍN Moreno decreta estado de excepción tras paro nacional” (2019). Metro Ecuador. Disponível em: <https://bit.ly/2EXNMTF>. Acesso em: 27 dez. 2019.

OQUENDO, Catalina; TORRADO, Santiago (2019). “Decretado toque de recolher em Bogotá depois de protestos em massa”. El País. Disponível em: <https://bit.ly/2rxHh6K>. Acesso em 27 dez. 2019.

PERELMAN, Michael. How Economics bolstered power obscuring it (2015). In: BUXTON, Nick;

DUMONTIER, Madeleine Bélanger (Ed.). State of Power 2015: An annual anthology on global power and resistance (pp. 87-98). Amsterdam: The Transnational Institute.

(Disponível em: <https://www.tni.org/en/stateofpower2015#contents>. Acesso em: 08 Jan. 2017).

PIGRAU, Antonio (2014). “The Texaco-Chevron Case in Ecuador: Law and Justice in the Age of Globalization”. Revista Catalana de Dret Ambiental, Catalunha, Espanha, v. 5, n. 1, p.1-43.

PORTA, Lelio La. Coerção (2017a). En: LIGUORI, Guido; VOZA, Pasquale. Dicionário Gramsciano

(pp.127-9). São Paulo: Boitempo.

“SEBASTIÁN Piñera decreta estado de exceção no Chile” (2019). Diário da Causa Operária. Disponível em: <https://bit.ly/2ZwpBos>. Acesso em 27 dez. 2019.

UDAPT, Unión de Los Afectados Por Las Operaciones Petroleras de Texaco (2018). Contaminación de Chevron-Texaco. Disponível em: <https://bit.ly/3bztoqQ>. Acesso em: 05 fev. 2020.

VALE S.A. (Brasil) (2019). Departamento de Relações Com Investidores. Composição Acionária. Disponível em: <https://bit.ly/2EJKrrw>. Acesso em: 30 maio 2019.

YANZA, Luis (2014). Las voces de las víctimas. 2. ed. Nueva Loja: UDAPT; INREDH.

ZUBIZARRETA, Juan Hernández; RAMIRO, Pedro (2016). Against the "lex mercatoria": proposals and alternatives for controlling transnational corporations. Bilbao: Icaria Editorial.