Repercusiones que generan diferentes enfoques teóricos de cuidados en la construcción del ser enfermero

Abstract

The Nursing Process based on a theory or nursing model, is taught from the first practical
experience, where the student understands that working from their own conceptual framework
and with the intervention method, applied to the characteristics and peculiarities of Each
patient will later allow these professionals to combine criteria, save time, facilitate decisions
and unify a professional language. Objective: To know what are the repercussions generated
by the theoretical approaches to care in the construction of being a nurse, at the end of the
first stage of training in students of the Bachelor’s Degree in Nursing at the U.N.C. in 2019.
Method: Type of study was cross-sectional, descriptive. The data collection technique was a
self-directed survey, applied to a sample of 86 students. Results: Although the conception of
Person is influenced by Henderson’s theory (1964), the students do not position themselves in a
certain theory when it comes to adhering to a meta-paradigm, they are influenced by the matter
they are in. studying. The predominant conception of Health is that imparted by Leininger
(1970); the impact on the respondents showed an emphasis on interculturality. The concept of
Environment adopted was mainly focused on the theory of needs of Henderson (1964); It has
a direct impact on the students in their ability to adapt to the environment where they carry
out their practice. Construction of Care, the concepts internalized by the students are those
exposed in the theories of Pender (1982) and Leninger (1970), which mainly affect the vision
of promotion and prevention through education and training. Conclusion: The construction of
being a nurse of 3rd year students; it is influenced by the theories of Henderson (1964), Pender
(1982) and Leininger (1970). Students position themselves in different theoretical approaches.
There is no unification of criteria for providing care and an incoherence between thought and
care is revealed.