Fragmentos históricos en un pasado mítico: La historia antigua de Israel/Palestina con y sin la Biblia

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Emanuel Pfoh

Resumen

El presente artículo presenta algunas reflexiones y un estado de la cuestión sobre los modos en que la historiografía actual sobre el antiguo Israel ha reformulado aproximaciones e interpretaciones al tema, especialmente durante las últimas cinco décadas. La cuestión crucial está representada por el estatus del Antiguo Testamento como fuente histórica, pero también por la referencialidad de los eventos en su narrativa y por los métodos utilizados en el análisis histórico del pasado anti­guo de Palestina. Se han desarrollado dos posibi­lidades historiográficas en los estudios bíblicos históricos en Euro­pa y los Estados Unidos: la pri­mera, continuar produciendo una historiografía sobre el antiguo Israel a partir del esquema narra­tivo presentado en el Antiguo Testamento y, la segunda, producir una historiografía centrada particularmente en la antigua Palestina y sus con­diciones materiales e intelectuales con el Antiguo Testamento como una fuente secundaria para la Edad del Hierro (ca. 1200-600 a.n.e.).

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