Toxicity of spinetoram and matrine on the development stages of two natural enemies: Chrysoperla externa and Ceraeochrysa cincta
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Abstract
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) requires the compatibility of chemical control and biological control. The objective of this research was to evaluate the toxicity of spinetoram and matrine insecticides on the development stages of two natural enemies: Chrysoperla externa and Ceraeochrysa cincta. Toxicological tests were carried out with spinetoram and matrine. The phytosanitary products did not affect the hatching of the eggs and the emergence of the pupae of both species through immersion tests. High percentages of mortality were obtained in adults by residual contact when using the spinetoram. Adults showed greater susceptibility than the larval stage by ingestion tests. According to the toxicological cataloguing for laboratory test by residual contact, the highest concentration of spinetoram evaluated was slightly harmful for larvae of the first and second stage of C. externa and both concentrations were slightly harmful for C. externa adults. Likewise, both doses were moderately and slightly harmful in adults of C. cincta. Finally, both products were harmless in all larval stages of C. externa and C. cincta, while spinetoram was slightly harmful in adults of both species and only the highest concentration of matrine was slightly harmful in C. cincta adults.
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