Cambios en las características físicas y químicas de un suelo después de la incorporación de compost de distinto origen
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Se evaluó sobre el suelo el efecto de diferentes compost, obtenidos mediante igual metodología de compostaje, después de dos años de aplicados. Sobre un suelo Haplustol típico se aplicaron 40 Mg ha-1 de cada compost, conformando los siguientes tratamientos: CBIO con compost de biosólidos, CF con compost residuos de estiércol bovino, CG con compost de guano de gallina, CROU con compost de residuos sólidos urbanos. También se incluyó un tratamiento con fertilizante inorgánico (FI) y un suelo no tratado o control (C0). El pH del compost afectó ligeramente el pH del suelo, según las características del compost usado. CROU y CBIO incrementaron y disminuyeron el pH, respectivamente (R2=0,98). Se observó un cambio en la distribución de la materia orgánica del suelo CG, sin incremento en el carbono orgánico total (COT). En CG aumentó un 85 % el Cfraccion>53um y creció en 24 % el C extractable en álcali, respecto al control. Finalmente, se observó un enriquecimiento de CuM y ZnM en CROU. Los resultados muestran que una única adición de compost puede modificar las propiedades del suelo dado los múltiples materiales compostados. Se debe monitorear tempranamente las condiciones del suelo para identificar tendencias y evitar efectos ambientales negativos.
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