Heurística de Anclaje para Reducir el Consumo de Alcohol en Jóvenes: Aporte a las Políticas Públicas
Conteúdo do artigo principal
Resumo
Determinamos la eficacia de la heurística de anclaje para estimar la cantidad de alcohol consumido y su efecto sobre el futuro consumo excesivo de alcohol en jóvenes. Una muestra de 327 jóvenes en México, completaron una encuesta sobre consumo de alcohol y heurísticas de anclaje. Se encontró que al mostrar el ancla y persuadir explícitamente a los/as participantes al valor anclado, la estimación promedio de la cantidad de alcohol disminuye. En los efectos de anclaje, se encontró que las anclas altas y bajas alteraron la estimación del consumo de alcohol, y la disminución de la estimación del número de vasos consumidos. Además, quién reportó poca o ninguna intención de beber alcohol, estimaron consumir (anclaje) y beber en el futuro con menor cantidad. Discutimos nuestros resultados para establecer políticas públicas sobre el consumo excesivo de alcohol. Proponemos una intervención basada en la economía del comportamiento incorporando heurísticas de anclaje para reducir el consumo de alcohol en jóvenes.
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