Elección del grado universitario y el uso de heurísticos y sesgos como mecanismos de toma de decisiones: un estudio en Brasil

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Mateus Feld
Tiago Wickstrom Alves

Resumen

La elección del grado universitario es una de las decisiones más importantes que las personas toman, ya que generalmente dirige la elección de carrera o profesión. Es una decisión compleja y entonces es posible que jóvenes usen heurísticos y sesgos para facilitar el proceso de decisión. Teniendo esto en cuenta, analizamos si, y de qué manera, heurísticos y sesgos afectaron los juicios y decisiones de estudiantes universitarios sobre sus cursos. Desarrollamos un cuestionario y lo aplicamos a una muestra de estudiantes en Brasil, y analizamos los datos utilizando CATPCA y métodos estadísticos adicionales. Encontramos que los estudiantes sufrieron del sesgo del costo hundido, y de los heurísticos de anclaje y representatividad. Además, no encontramos evidencia del efecto de encuadre. Concluimos que heurísticos y sesgos fueron factores relevantes en los juicios de los estudiantes, pero que no los dominaron, sino que operaron en conjunto con aspectos tradicionales de análisis y elección

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Feld, M., & Wickstrom Alves, T. (2022). Elección del grado universitario y el uso de heurísticos y sesgos como mecanismos de toma de decisiones: un estudio en Brasil. Revista Argentina De Ciencias Del Comportamiento, 14(1), 46–67. https://doi.org/10.32348/1852.4206.v14.n1.30374
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