Administration of High Flow Oxygen Therapy in pediatric patients of the Santísima Trinidad Children's Hospital.

Abstract

The way to provide oxygen has been an idea in constant evolution that has triggered in doctors the concern to implement different support devices, from the nasal cannula, the rebreathing mask and low flow, to continuous pressure in the airway (CPAP). ) and  noninvasive ventilation (NIV). Recently, a new device that provides high-flow oxygen has been inserted between both extremes. The objective of the present work was to describe clinical and technical aspects in the administration of High Flow Oxygen Therapy (OAF)  in pediatric patients of the Santísima Trinidad Children's Hospital, in the UEPE service (Emergency Pediatric Stabilization Unit)  2017 and SIP ( pediatric hospitalization room) 500 2018, 2019, in the summer period. A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study
was carried out. The universe was the pediatric patients who received HFO at the Santísima Trinidad Children's Hospital, in the UEPE service in 2017 and SIP 500 2018, 2019 in the summer period. The data dump table was used as an instrument. The main results show that a total of 697 patients were attended. The prevalent age was under 6 months, with an average of 60%. The vast majority of children who required this treatment were admitted due to a diagnosis of bronchiolitis, followed by BOR (recurrent obstructive  bronchitis). In relation to the score of such modified on admission, we can observe that in the UEPE sector the mean is 8, while the SIP 500 is 7. Regarding the material resource, there are several OAF systems. There are no studies that demonstrate the superiority of one system over another. Finally, it was observed that having implemented this technique in the institution, the maximum required ventilatory escalation was avoided in large numbers, since in the UEPE service the evolution was 65% of the OAF, while in the SIP 500 in 2018 it was 72% and in 2019 it was 79%. Therefore, we can establish that HFO achieves clinical improvement through its impact on functional respiratory syndrome, as well as on the modified Tal score in children, and allows treatment of these patients in general hospital wards, with minimal effects. adverse effects, reducing admission to intensive care.