Factores organizacionales que desencadenan el Síndrome de Burnout en enfermeros
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31052/1853.1180.v28.n2.29338Palabras clave:
organización, burnout, enfermerosResumen
El objetivo de esta revisión fue determinar los factores organizacionales que influyen en el Burnout en los enfermeros. Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica donde se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos Cinahl, Scielo, Lilacs, Medline y Epistemonikos entre Octubre 2018 y Mayo 2019 en relación a los factores organizacionales que desencadenan el Burnout en enfermeros. Preliminarmente, se obtuvieron un total de 29.993 artículos, sin embargo, luego de aplicar criterios de inclusión, exclusión y selección exhaustiva se logró seleccionar 99 artículos en idioma inglés, español y portugués, publicados dentro de los últimos 10 años. Los resultados mostraron que de los 99 estudios seleccionados se identificaron tres factores, relacionados con componentes organizacionales que desencadenan Burnout en enfermeros; destacan: gestión de recursos humanos, factores estructurales y factores gerenciales. Los factores previamente mencionados, fueron desglosados en subfactores y de acuerdo a estos se clasificaron geográficamente. Dentro del factor de gestión de recursos humanos, el subfactor con mayor impacto está relacionado con la rotación. En los factores estructurales, las condiciones de trabajo son las más prevalentes. Con respecto a los factores gerenciales, el de mayor frecuencia se relaciona con el reconocimiento. Según el continente donde se realizaron las investigaciones, la mayor proporción de artículos derivan de América del Sur. Se concluye que el Síndrome de Burnout en los enfermeros es un problema determinado por diversos factores que varían dependiendo de la cultura organizacional
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