Depresión en adolescentes peruanos durante pandemia: un análisis de redes

Contenido principal del artículo

Andy Rick Sánchez-Villena

Resumen

La presente investigación, con diseño asociativo y transversal, tuvo como objetivo principal explorar las relaciones entre los síntomas de depresión en adolescentes peruanos durante la pandemia e identificar cuál de ellos es el con mayor centralidad según el sexo. Participaron 2059 adolescentes a quienes se les administró el PHQ-9. Mediante análisis de redes se encontró que los síntomas centrales fueron el ánimo deprimido y la fatiga seguido de la pérdida del interés. Se encontró mayor interacción entre los síntomas en el grupo de mujeres. Se concluye que los principales síntomas de depresión, tanto en hombres como en mujeres adolescentes, fueron el ánimo decaído, la fatiga o pérdida de energía y la anhedonia. Aunque no se hallaron diferencias significativas en la estructura de la red ni en sus interconexiones, los dos primeros síntomas parecen tener más centralidad en hombres, mientras que la anhedonia tuvo más centralidad en mujeres.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Detalles del artículo

Cómo citar
Sánchez-Villena, A. R. (2024). Depresión en adolescentes peruanos durante pandemia: un análisis de redes. Revista Argentina De Ciencias Del Comportamiento, 16(2), 51–59. https://doi.org/10.32348/1852.4206.v16.n2.38076
Sección
Artículos Originales

Citas

Antiporta, D. A., Cutipé, Y. L., Mendoza, M., Celentano, D. D., Stuart, E. A., & Bruni, A. (2021). Depressive symptoms among Peruvian adult residents amidst a National Lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Psychiatry, 21, Artículo 111. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03107-3

Ato, M., López-García, J. J., & Benavente, A. (2013). Un sistema de clasificación de los diseños de investigación en psicología. Anales de Psicología, 29(3), 1038–1059. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.29.3.178511

Borsboom, D., & Cramer, A. O. J. (2013). Network Analysis: An Integrative Approach to the Structure of Psychopathology. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 9, 91–121. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185608

Cai, H., Bai, W., Liu, H., Chen, X., Qi, H., Liu, R., Cheung, T., Su, Z., Lin, J., Tang, Y., Jackson, T., Zhang, Q., & Xiang, Y.-T. (2022). Network analysis of depressive and anxiety symptoms in adolescents during the later stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Translational Psychiatry, 12, Artículo 98. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-022-01838-9

Carvajal-Velez, L., Ahs, J. W., Harris Requejo, J., Kieling, C., Lundin, A., Kumar, M., Luitel, N. P., Marlow, M., Skeen, S., Tomlinson, M., & Kohrt, B. A. (2023). Measurement of Mental Health Among Adolescents at the Population Level: A Multicountry Protocol for Adaptation and Validation of Mental Health Measures. Journal of Adolescent Health, 72(1), S27-S33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.11.035

Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (2020). Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar, ENDES [base de datos]. https://proyectos.inei.gob.pe/microdatos/

Epskamp, S. (2023). bootnet: Bootstrap methods for various network estimation routines [Software]. R Project. https://cran.r-project.org/package=bootnet

Epskamp, S., Borsboom, D., & Fried, E. I. (2018). Estimating psychological networks and their accuracy: A tutorial paper. Behavior Research Methods, 50, 195–212. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-017-0862-1

Epskamp, S., Cramer, A. O. J., Waldorp, L. J., Schmittmann, V. D., & Borsboom, D. (2012). qgraph: Network Visualizations of Relationships in Psychometric Data. Journal of Statistical Software, 48(4), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v048.i04

Epskamp, S., & Fried, E. I. (2018). A tutorial on regularized partial correlation networks. Psychological Methods, 23(4), 617–634. https://doi.org/10.1037/met0000167

Girgus, J. S., & Yang, K. (2015). Gender and depression. Current Opinion in Psychology, 4, 53–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.01.019

Hawes, M. T., Szenczy, A. K., Klein, D. N., Hajcak, G., & Nelson, B. D. (2021). Increases in depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescents and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological Medicine, 52(14), 3222–3230. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291720005358

Holmes, E. A., O’Connor, R. C., Perry, V. H., Tracey, I., Wessely, S., Arseneault, L., Ballard, C., Christensen, H., Cohen Silver, R., Everall, I., Ford, T., John, A., Kabir, T., King, K., Madan, I., Michie, S., Przybylski, A. K., Shafran, R., Sweeney, A., … Bullmore, E. (2020). Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: A call for action for mental health science. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(6), 547–560. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30168-1

Huarcaya-Victoria, J., Elera-Fitzcarrald, C., Crisol-Deza, D., Villanueva-Zúñiga, L., Pacherres, A., Torres, A., Huertas, G., Calderón, D., Noriega-Baella, C., Astonitas, E., & Salvador-Carrillo, J. (2023). Factors associated with mental health in Peruvian medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multicentre quantitative study. Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría, 52(3), 236–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcp.2021.06.002

Isvoranu, A. M., & Epskamp, S. (2021). Which Estimation Method to Choose in Network Psychometrics? Deriving Guidelines for Applied Researchers. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/mbycn

Manfro, P. H., Pereira, R. B., Rosa, M., Cogo-Moreira, H., Fisher, H. L., Kohrt, B. A., Mondelli, V., & Kieling, C. (2021). Adolescent depression beyond DSM definition: A network analysis. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 32, 881-892. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-021-01908-1

Manzar, M. D., Albougami, A., Usman, N., & Mamun, M. A. (2021). Suicide among adolescents and youths during the COVID‐19 pandemic lockdowns: A press media reports‐based exploratory study. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, 34(2), 139–146. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcap.12313

McElroy, E., Napoleone, E., Wolpert, M., & Patalay, P. (2019). Structure and Connectivity of Depressive Symptom Networks Corresponding to Early Treatment Response. EClinicalMedicine, 8, 29–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2019.02.009

Meherali, S., Punjani, N., Louie-Poon, S., Rahim, K. A., Das, J. K., Salam, R. A., & Lassi, Z. S. (2021). Mental Health of Children and Adolescents Amidst COVID-19 and Past Pandemics: A Rapid Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(7), Artículo 3432. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073432

Ministerio de Salud, & Fondo de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia. (2021). La salud mental de niñas, niños y adolescentes en el contexto de la COVID-19. https://www.unicef.org/peru/informes/salud-mental-ninas-ninos-adolescentes-contexto-covid-19-estudio-en-linea-peru-2020

Mullarkey, M. C., Marchetti, I., & Beevers, C. G. (2018). Using Network Analysis to Identify Central Symptoms of Adolescent Depression. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 48(4), 656–668. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2018.1437735

Parra, M. R. (2020). Depression and the Meaning of Life in University Students in Times of Pandemic. International Journal of Educational Psychology, 9(3), 223–242. https://doi.org/10.17583/ijep.2020.6784

Porter, C., Favara, M., Hittmeyer, A., Scott, D., Sánchez Jiménez, A., Ellanki, R., Woldehanna, T., Duc, L. T., Craske, M. G., & Stein, A. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and depression symptoms of young people in the global south: Evidence from a four-country cohort study. BMJ Open, 11(4), Artículo e049653. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049653

Prowse, R., Sherratt, F., Abizaid, A., Gabrys, R. L., Hellemans, K. G. C., Patterson, Z. R., & McQuaid, R. J. (2021). Coping With the COVID-19 Pandemic: Examining Gender Differences in Stress and Mental Health Among University Students. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, Artículo 650759. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.650759

Quispe-Sancho, A., Chambi-Macedo, K. L., Laurel-Vargas, V., Huamani-Merma, E., Cuzcano-Gonzales, K. V., Huaita-Rocha, M. A., Mendoza-Guillen, L., Sanchez-Choquepata, A. D., Fuentes-Casani, J., Bandeira, A., Tovani-Palone, M. R., & Mejia, C. R. (2021). Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Health Professionals Working During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Peru: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study. Electronic Journal of General Medicine, 18(6), Artículo em319. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/11210

R Core Team. (2022). R: A language and environment for statistical computing (Versión 4.2.1) [Software]. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. https://www.R-project.org/

Racine, N., McArthur, B. A., Cooke, J. E., Eirich, R., Zhu, J., & Madigan, S. (2021). Global Prevalence of Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in Children and Adolescents During COVID-19: A Meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatrics, 175(11), 1142–1150. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.2482

Robinaugh, D. J., Millner, A. J., & McNally, R. J. (2016). Identifying highly influential nodes in the complicated grief network. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(6), 747–757. https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000181

Van Borkulo, C. D. (2015). Network comparison test: Permutation-based test of differences in strength of networks. [Software] GitHub. https://github.com/cvborkulo/NetworkComparisonTest

Villarreal-Zegarra, D., Copez-Lonzoy, A., Bernabé-Ortiz, A., Melendez-Torres, G. J., & Bazo-Alvarez, J. C. (2019). Valid group comparisons can be made with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9): A measurement invariance study across groups by demographic characteristics. PLOS ONE, 14(9), Artículo e0221717. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221717

Wasil, A. R., Venturo-Conerly, K. E., Shinde, S., Patel, V., & Jones, P. J. (2020). Applying network analysis to understand depression and substance use in Indian adolescents. Journal of Affective Disorders, 265, 278–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.025

World Health Organization (2021). Depressive disorder (depression). https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/depression