Keywords
microbiota and autoimmune diseases
microbiota-gut-brain axis
How to Cite
Abstract
The intercommunication in living organisms, among their cells, organs and systems is increasingly evident. An example of this are the results obtained by different groups of researchers, which demonstrate the function of bidirectional axes, in which the intestine and its microbiota participate as a common denominator.
Studies carried out mainly with bacteria demonstrated altered microbiota in patients with various pathologies, compared to their healthy controls. When reviewing the molecular elements that participate in it, inflammatory processes as important initiators in the alteration of the dynamic balance between the intestine and the microbiota attract attention as a common finding. The establishment of the chronic stage of inflammation allows and perpetuates the alteration of these axes that are involved in various autoimmune diseases with commitment and progressive deterioration of the Central Nervous System and neurodegeneration.
Conclusions. In this multifactorial process, the balance in the relationship of the immune system, with the intestine and its microbiota, participate in a suppression linked to tolerance carried out by all these systems. In turns, the generation of an inflammatory response favors an increase in the permeability of the barriers of the intestine, brain and certain organs, initiating an abnormal communication between nearby and/or distant cellular and tissue systems, generating a state of permanent inflammation that can reach to be chronic or "low grade", being the onset and persistence of various diseases with autoimmune components.
The results of various studies that will be reviewed and discussed highlight the importance of the metabolic axes between the gut-microbiota and their impact on the other organs of the body.
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