Volatility of different 2,4-D formulations using bioindicators.

Abstract

The different 2,4-D formulations have different physical-chemical characteristics, which can lead to risks for nearby crops or sensitive areas. The movement of gases from the asset out of the target area is one of the unwanted effects that certain formulations can present under predisposing conditions. The present work compared the volatility of 4 2,4-D formulations by using hyper-sensitive plants as bio-indicators. The formulations (ethylhexyl ester, amine salt, choline salt and acid) were applied in trays with sand, at a dose of 4560 g of acid equivalent per hectare (gr. Ea / ha.), Which were then placed next to plants for 24 hours. Both the trays and the bio-indicators were placed in "volatilization tunnels" to force the conditions for the herbicides to pass into the gas phase and thus be able to compare the phytotoxicity generated by the volatility of the different formulations. At 40 days after exposure and using the EWRS scale, the ethyl exyl ester and amine salt formulations were the ones that showed the greatest damage, not differing significantly from each other. The acid was found at a lower level of damage, and the choline salt at an even lower level, without differentiating from the control.