Prevalencia de coinfección por HIV-1/HTLV-1 y comportamientos de riesgo entre las personas que viven con el HIV en Belo Horizonte, Brasil

Autores/as

  • Poliane Cristina Vertêlo
  • Alexandre Braga Miranda
  • Ludimila Labanca
  • Ana Lúcia Borges-Starling
  • Cláudio Daniel Cerdeira UNIFAL-MG
  • Carlos Felipe Nogueira
  • Denise Utsch Gonçalves

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31052/1853.1180.v28.n2.38078

Palabras clave:

HTLV-1, VIH-1, coinfección, conducta

Resumen

Objetivo: Analizar la prevalencia de coinfección de VIH-1 y HTLV-1 y comportamientos de riesgo para enfermedades de transmisión sexual (ETS) y la calidad de vida en personas que viven con VIH-1.

Métodos: Se hicieron inmunoensayos serológicos para HTLV-1 a 985 personas que viven con VIH-1 en Belo Horizonte (Brasil). En 15 personas se confirmó (electrotransferencia) coinfección de VIH-1/HTVL-1 (grupo VIH-1/HTVL-1) y luego se los comparó con 30 pacientes VIH-1 (grupo VIH-1) y 30 pacientes HTLV-1 (grupo HTLV-1), se combinaron grupos por sexo biológico y edad, y se analizaron las condiciones sociodemográficas, la calidad de vida y los comportamientos de riesgo para ETS.

Resultados: La prevalencia de coinfección de VIH-1/HTLV-1 fue de 1.5%. La edad promedio de estos tres grupos fue 57 (± 11) años, con 9 y 18 (60%) mujeres dentro de los grupos VIH-1/HTVL-1, y VHI-1 o HTVL-1, respectivamente. En los tres grupos predominó la orientación heterosexual. Los grupos VIH-1/HTVL-1, y VHI-1 en su mayoría no tenían pareja estable (p = 0,013), eran solteros/as (p = 0,001) e indicaron uso de preservativo (p = 0,025). La mayoría del grupo HTLV-1 tenían pareja estable, eran casados/as y no utilizaban preservativo (p = 0,025). Entre las ETS, la sífilis fue común en los grupos VIH-1/HTVL-1 (34%), y VHI-1 (17%), y la gonorrea (13%) en el grupo HTLV-1. El uso de drogas inyectables (UDI) en el grupo VIH-1 se asoció con coinfección (p = 0,038) y se observaron diferencias en la calidad de vida en los distintos grupos.

Conclusiones: Los grupos VIH-1 y VIH-1/HTLV-1 presentaron diferentes comportamientos de riesgo que el grupo HTLV-1. Las medidas para prevenir el contagio de VIH-1 y HTLV-1 también deben recalcar el UDI en personas que viven con VIH-1 y el uso de preservativos en personas con HTLV-1. Palabras clave: HTLV-1; VIH-1; coinfección; comportamiento (fuente: MeSH, NLM).

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Citas

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Publicado

2023-01-05

Cómo citar

1.
Vertêlo PC, Braga Miranda A, Labanca L, Borges-Starling AL, Cerdeira CD, Nogueira CF, Utsch Gonçalves D. Prevalencia de coinfección por HIV-1/HTLV-1 y comportamientos de riesgo entre las personas que viven con el HIV en Belo Horizonte, Brasil. Rev. Salud Pública (Córdoba) [Internet]. 5 de enero de 2023 [citado 26 de abril de 2024];28(2). Disponible en: https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/RSD/article/view/38078

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