La movilización de expertos y experticias en materia ambiental
Parole chiave:
experticia, expertos activistas, conflictos ambientales, agrotóxicosAbstract
Las políticas medioambientales son, en el fondo, políticas epistémicas: disputas sobre lo que se sabe o se desconoce de la naturaleza y sobre quién puede hablar en su nombre. Este artículo se centra en la política de la experticia que inevitablemente se deriva de estas batallas. La revisión de los trabajos existentes pone de relieve cómo se organizan los expertos activistas y qué efectos tiene la movilización de los/las expertos/as en la ciencia, los conflictos ambientales y el cambio socio-ecológico en general. Comenzamos describiendo algunos de los retos conceptuales y metodológicos que plantea el estudio de los/las expertos/as en los movimientos ambientalistas. A continuación, presentamos un estudio de caso sobre expertos y experticia en el conflicto por el uso masivo de agrotóxicos en Argentina, que lleva ya dos décadas, para poner de relieve las lagunas en los conocimientos actuales. En una tercera sección se extraen varias lecciones del estudio de caso y en la sección final se proponen líneas de investigación futuras.
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