MORPHOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS OF QUADRATE TUBERCLE AND RELATED NEIGHBORING STRUCTURES ON DRY ADULT BONES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31051/1852.8023.v14.n2.36806Keywords:
Quadrate tubercle, tuberculum quadratum, intertrochanteric crest, quadratus muscle, femur proximal endAbstract
Objectives There is only a little information about quadrate tubercle (QT) and its' clinical importance in anatomy textbooks and literature. This study aims to provide comprehensive morphometrical data about QT, related neighboring structures, and gender differences will also be investigated. Material and Methods A total number of 108 [(34 female/74 male) / (48 right/60 left)] adult femurs were morphometrically evaluated. Distances between QT to the greater trochanter (GT), lesser trochanter (LT), the femoral head (FH), and GT to LT measurements were taken to determine the position of QT. Data were analyzed using the SPSS (v 26.0) package software program. Results The distances between QT-GT; QT-LT; QT-FH; GT-LT parameters determined as 33.65±4.47, 28.52±3.43 (p=0.001); 40.89±4.62, 35.64±3.87 (p=0.001); 79.73±7.05, 70.18±5.66 (p=0.001); 67.53±5.20, 58.68±5.14 (p=0.001) mm in males and females, respectively. The cut-off points were calculated for gender determination as 62.80, 75.45, 30.75, 38.45 mm for GT-LT, QT-FH, QT-GT, QT-LT parameters, respectively. Conclusions In this study, a triangular safe area for arterial anastomoses was determined between QT-GT/QT-LT/GT-LT parameters at the proximal end of the femur. It can create a safe area that can be used in clinical applications when needed. Also, it has been shown that gender determination among the parameters has the highest confidence interval with the GT-LT parameter, while other QT-centered parameters have high predictive power and can be used for gender determination. To best our knowledge, this is the first study in the literature about QT precise distances and use for gender determination together.
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