UPDATE ON THE MECHANISM OF ACTION OF ESTROGEN RECEPTORS. Actualización sobre el mecanismo de acción de los receptores estrogénicos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31051/1852.8023.v4.n2.14023Keywords:
estrogen, hormones, estrogen receptor, physiology, mechanism, estrógenos, hormonas, receptores estrogénicos, fisiología, mecanismoAbstract
Los mecanismos de acción de los receptores estrogénicos (ER) han sido estudiados debido a sus importantes funciones en el crecimiento celular y la diferenciación de varios órganos y tejidos, relacionados o no con la reproducción. Como en otros procesos regulatorios, los mecanismos de ligados a receptor son cruciales para permitir la acción de los estrógenos que finalmente producirían efectos en el metabolismo celular. Aunque muy estudiados, los mecanismos de acción de los receptores estrogénicos no han sido completamente desentrañados. El presente estudio es una revisión de la literatura sobre el mecanismo de acción de ER ? y ER ? en el cuerpo humano. El conocimiento de la localización y concentraciones de ER en diferentes tejidos es esencial para determinar tratamientos específicos para diferentes patologías, tales como cáncer de mama. Más aún, en tejidos no reproductivos, tales como la mucosa de los cornetes nasales, la presencia de ER ? y ER ? podría explicar las variaciones en la actividad secretora acorde con la variación hormonal. También se consideran las acciones ER neuroproductivas y antinflamatorias en el sistema nervioso central al igual que su función de respuesta alérgica en el epitelio de la conjuntiva y podrían aplicarse a otros estudios referidos al diagnóstico, desarrollo de drogas y el tratamiento de diferentes enfermedades asociados a acciones hormonales.
The action mechanisms of estrogen receptors (ER) have been studied due to their important functions in cellular growth and differentiation in several organs and tissues, either or not directly related to reproduction. As in other regulatory processes, the mechanisms of receptor ligand binding are crucial to enable the action of the estrogen hormone that will ultimately produce effects in the cellular metabolism. Although extensively studied, the mechanisms of action of estrogen receptors are not completely unraveled. The present study is a literature review on the mechanism of action of the ER ? and ER ? in the human body. The knowledge of the location and concentrations of the ER in different tissues is essential to determine specific treatments for different pathologies, such as breast cancer. Moreover, in nonreproductive tissues, such as the nasal conchae mucosa, the presence of ER ? and ER ? may explain the variations in secretory activity of the nasal mucosa according to hormonal variability. ER neuro-protective and anti-inflammatory actions in the central nervous system, as well as its allergic-response function in the epithelium of the conjunctiva are also considered and may apply to other studies concerning the diagnosis, drugs development and clinical treatments of different diseases, related to hormonal actions.
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