español
Keywords:
prevalence-dental agenesisAbstract
OBJECTIVE.To know, through a clinical study, the prevalence of dental agenesis in patients under orthodontic treatment of a population of the City of Córdoba. METHODS. Retrospective study of clinical histories and orthopantomographs of patients (n = 762), aged between 5 and 24 years, from the City of Córdoba between 2007 and 2017. The identification of agenesis was carried out through the analysis of orthopantomographs. Medical and dental records were used as reference materials to avoid an incorrect diagnosis of dental agenesis. The absolute and relative frequency of agenesis were calculated for each tooth of each patient, in each of the years studied. The frequency of this pathology was compared between the group without the presence of agenesis and with agenesis and between the years using the Chi Square test or Fisher's exact test. A p-value <0.05 was set for statistical significance. The data was analyzed with the Infostat 2016 version program. RESULTS. The number of subjects attended (n = 762), varied between 71 to 101 per year. No significant differences were found between men and women regarding agenesis. The percentage of agenesis varied significantly (p = 0.0001) from 2007 to 2017, both in men and women. The prevalence of agenesis was 22.7%. All observed agenesis were permanent elements. The upper and lower third molar are the elements that presented the highest frequency of agenesis. CONCLUSIONS. Human dentition is complex and varied and is related to the diet, environment and social demands of the species. More than 10% of humans do not develop any permanent element; This has a genetic component and could reflect the evolution in relation to food softening behaviors.
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