Caracterización de los subtipos de VIH-1 presentes en Córdoba (Argentina) desde casi el inicio de la infección, utilizando los genes POL y ENV
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31053/1853.0605.v74.n3.15282Palabras clave:
infección de VIH-1, Córdoba, Argentina, subtipos de VIH-1, análisis filogenéticos, cepas recombinantes inter-subtipoResumen
Objetivo: En el presente estudio, utilizando un enfoque retrospectivo, caracterizamos la infección de VIH-1 en Córdoba (Argentina) a través de la determinación de los subtipos virales circulantes en el período 1986-2001. Métodos: Se analizaron los genes pol y env utilizando dos enfoques diferentes: 1) comparando las secuencias de Córdoba con aquellas de subtipos puros y formas recombinantes circulantes del grupo M del VIH-1; 2) subdividiendo las secuencias en matrices de subtipos puros (evitando los efectos de la recombinación) a fin de determinar si los subtipos de Córdoba tienen uno o varios orígenes geográficos. Resultados: El primer enfoque reveló que dieciocho cepas correspondían al subtipo B, siete a B/F1, una a C y una a F1. Solo dos de los B/F1 correspondían a la forma CRF12_B/F1, previamente descripta para Argentina; las secuencias B/F1 restantes serían diferentes formas de URF_B/F1. Los análisis filogenéticos del segundo enfoque sugieren que el subtipo B de Córdoba tendría múltiples orígenes geográficos, mientras que los subtipos F1 y C habrían sido introducidos directamente desde Brasil o indirectamente desde Buenos Aires. Conclusiones: La gran variabilidad de subtipos indica que la infección de VIH-1 en Córdoba fue compleja desde sus inicios. Nuestros resultados también revelan el estrecho contacto entre la gente de esta ciudad, a través del turismo y actividades comerciales, con las de Buenos Aires y Brasil.
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