El método Analytic Hierarchy Process para la toma de decisiones. Repaso de la metodología y aplicaciones
Palabras clave:
proceso analítico jerárquico, decisión multicriterio, toma de decisionesResumen
La actividad empresarial, de gobierno y de administración de sistemas organizacionales en general requiere de herramientas para la toma decisiones que permitan definir problemas complejos, estructurarlos, analizar alternativas para resolverlos y seleccionar la más adecuada de ellas conciliando los intereses de múltiples interesados.
El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar un repaso del método cuantitativo Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) para dar soporte en procesos de decisión en los que se deben tener en cuenta varios criterios y donde existen múltiples alternativas y mostrar además diferentes aplicaciones para las que se ha utilizado la herramienta.
En una primera parte se hace un repaso del método AHP desde un enfoque práctico. No se profundiza en los aspectos matemáticos del método, sino en aquellos que permiten comprender su funcionamiento y el tipo de problemas en los que puede asistir.
En una segunda parte se enumeran varias aplicaciones del método recopiladas de la literatura existente, con el objetivo de ilustrar su versatilidad para la aplicación a diferentes tipos de problemas de gestión.
Por último, se elabora una breve discusión sobre el método y la importancia de incorporar métodos cuantitativos en la práctica organizacional.
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Citas
Alavi N., Goudarzi G., Babaei A., Jaafarzadeh N., & Hosseinzadeh M. (2013). Municipal solid was teland fill site selection with geographic information systems and analítical hierarchy process: a case study in Mahshahr County, Iran. Waste Management & Research, 31(1), 98–105.
Ali, Y., Asghar, A., Muhammad, N., & Salman, A. (2017). Selection of a fighter aircraft to improve the effectiveness of air combat in the war on terror: Pakistan Air Force – A case in point. International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, 9(2).
Amoyal, J. (2018). Decision analysis software survey. Operations Research and the Management Sciences Today 45(5).
Berumen, S.A. & Llamazares Redondo, F. (2007). La utilidad de los métodos de decisión multicriterio (como el AHP) en un entorno de competitividad creciente. Cuadernos de Administración, 20 (34): 65-87.
Darko A., Ping Chuen Chan A., Effah Ameyaw E., Kingsford Owusu E., Pärn, E. & John Edwards, D. (2018). Review of application of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in construction. International Journal of Construction Management. 19(5) 436-452.
Dyer, J. (1990). Remarks on the analytic hierarchy process. Management Science 36 (3) 249-258.
Expert Choice (2019) Expert Choice. http://www.expertchoice.com.
Fernández D. & Lutz M. (2010). Urban flood hazard zoning in Tucumán Province, Argentina, using GIS and multicriteria decision analysis. Engineering Geology Vol. 111 1–4, 90-98.
Forman, E.H. & Gass, S.I. (2001). The analytic hierarchy process – An exposition. Operations Research 49(4):469-486.
García J., Alvarado A., Blanco J., Jiménez E., Maldonado A. & Cortés G. (2014). Multi-attribute evaluation and selection of sites for agricultural product warehouses based on an Analytic Hierarchy Process. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture Vol. 100, 60-69.
Gorsevski P., Donevska K., Mitrovski C. & Frizado J. (2012). Integrating multi-criteria evaluation techniques with geographic information systems for landfill site selection: A case study using ordered weighted average. Waste Management Vol. 32-2 287-296.
Ho, W., Dey, P.K. & Higson, H.E. (2006). Multiple criteria decision making techniques in higher education. International Journal of Educational Management 20 (5), 319–337.
Ho, W. (2008). Integrated analytic hierarchy process and its applications – A literature review. European Journal of Operational Research. 186(1) 211-228.
Ho, W. & Ma, X. (2018). The state-of-the-art integrations and applications of the analytic hierarchy process. European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 267, 2, 399-414.
Höfer T., Sunak Y., Siddique H. &Madlener R. (2016). Wind farm siting using a spatial Analytic Hierarchy Process approach: A case study of the Städteregion Aachen. Applied Energy Vol. 163 222-243.
Ishizaka, A. & Labib, A. (2009). Analytic Hierarchy Process and Expert Choice: Benefits and limitations. OR Insight Vol. 22, 4, 201–220.
Islam, R. (2017). Work on Israeli-Palestinian conflict. International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, 9(3).
Kaw, K., & Abd Manaf, L. (2018). Integration of Delphi technique and analytical hierarchy process in selecting the type of dam: A case study of Bungoh catchment in Sarawak, Malaysia. International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, 10(1).
Liberatore M. &Nydick R. (2008). The analytic hierarchy process in medical and health care decision making: A literature review. European Journal of Operational Research 189(1):194–207.
Naseh, H. (2018). Space mission definition basedon analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method. International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, 10(2).
Nisel, S., &Özdemir, M. (2016). Analytic hierarchy process &analytic network process in sporte: a comprehensive literature review. International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, 8(3).
Osorio Gómez, J.C. & Orejuela Cabrera, J.P. (2008). El proceso de análisis jerárquico (AHP) y la toma de decisiones multicriterio. Ejemplo de aplicación. Scientia et Technica Año XIV, No 39.
Ouma Y. &Tateishi R. (2014). Urban Flood Vulnerability and Risk Mapping Using Integrated Multi-Parametric AHP and GIS: Methodological Overview and Case Study Assessment. Water 2014, 6, 1515-1545.
Ozceylan, E. (2016). A mathematical model using AHP priorities for soccer player selection: A case study. South African Journal of Industrial Engineering 27(2), 190-205.
Özdemir, M., & SağırÖzdemir, M. (2018). The use of the analytic hierarchy process for admission to an air traffic control department.International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, 10(1).
Pecchia L., Martin J.L., Ragozzino A., Vanzanella C., Scognamiglio A., Mirarchi L.& Morgan SP. (2013). User needs elicitation via AHP. A case study on a CT scanner. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 5, 13:2.
Roig-Tierno N., Baviera-Puig A., Buitrago-Vera J. & Mas-Verdu F. (2013). The retail site location decision process using GIS and the analytical hierarchy process. Applied Geography Vol. 40, 191-198.
Saaty, T.(1980). Multicriteria decision Making: The analytic hierarchy process. New York, McGraw Hill.
Saaty, T.(1990). How to make a decision: The Analytic Hierarchy Process. European Journal of Operational Research 48, 9-26.
Saaty, T. (2008). Decision making with the analytic hierarchy process. Int. J. Services Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2008.
Saaty, T. (2013). The modern science of multicriteria decision making and its practical applications: The AHP/ANP approach. Operations Research 61(5):1101-1118)
Saaty, T., & Wei, L. (2016). Should the UK have brexited the European Union? International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, 8(2).
Sánchez-Lozano J.M., Teruel-Solano J., Soto-Elvira P. & García-Cascales M.S. (2013). Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods for the evaluation of solar farms locations: Case study in south-eastern Spain. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews Vol. 24: 544-556.
Smith, J. & von Winterfeldt, D. (2004). Anniversary Article: Decision Analysis in Management Science. Management Science, 50, issue 5, p. 561-574.
Stefanidis S. & Stathis D. (2013). Assessment of flood hazard based on natural and anthropogenic factors using analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Natural Hazards 68: 569.
Subramanian, N., & Ramanathan, R. (2012). A review of applications of Analytic Hierarchy Process in operations management. International Journal of Production Economics, 138(2), 215–241.
Tang Y., Sun H., Yao Q. & Wang Y. (2014). The selection of key technologies by the silicon photovoltaic industry based on the Delphi method and AHP (analytic hierarchy process): Case study of China. Energy Vol. 75, 474-482.
Uyan, M. (2013). GIS-based solar farms site selection using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in Karapinar region, Konya/Turkey. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 28, 11–17.
Vachnadze, R. (2016). Prioritization of performance measures using analytic hierarchy process. International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process.
Vaidya, O.S. & Kumar, S. (2006). Analytic Hierarchy Process: An Overview of Applications. European Journal of Operational Research, 169, 1-29.
von Winterfeldt, D. (1980). Structuring Decision Problems for Decision Analysis. Published Articles & Papers. Paper 35.
Zahedi, F. (1986). The analytic hierarchy process – A survey of the method and its applications. Interfaces 16(4) 96-108.
Ali, Y., Asghar, A., Muhammad, N., & Salman, A. (2017). Selection of a fighter aircraft to improve the effectiveness of air combat in the war on terror: Pakistan Air Force – A case in point. International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, 9(2).
Amoyal, J. (2018). Decision analysis software survey. Operations Research and the Management Sciences Today 45(5).
Berumen, S.A. & Llamazares Redondo, F. (2007). La utilidad de los métodos de decisión multicriterio (como el AHP) en un entorno de competitividad creciente. Cuadernos de Administración, 20 (34): 65-87.
Darko A., Ping Chuen Chan A., Effah Ameyaw E., Kingsford Owusu E., Pärn, E. & John Edwards, D. (2018). Review of application of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in construction. International Journal of Construction Management. 19(5) 436-452.
Dyer, J. (1990). Remarks on the analytic hierarchy process. Management Science 36 (3) 249-258.
Expert Choice (2019) Expert Choice. http://www.expertchoice.com.
Fernández D. & Lutz M. (2010). Urban flood hazard zoning in Tucumán Province, Argentina, using GIS and multicriteria decision analysis. Engineering Geology Vol. 111 1–4, 90-98.
Forman, E.H. & Gass, S.I. (2001). The analytic hierarchy process – An exposition. Operations Research 49(4):469-486.
García J., Alvarado A., Blanco J., Jiménez E., Maldonado A. & Cortés G. (2014). Multi-attribute evaluation and selection of sites for agricultural product warehouses based on an Analytic Hierarchy Process. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture Vol. 100, 60-69.
Gorsevski P., Donevska K., Mitrovski C. & Frizado J. (2012). Integrating multi-criteria evaluation techniques with geographic information systems for landfill site selection: A case study using ordered weighted average. Waste Management Vol. 32-2 287-296.
Ho, W., Dey, P.K. & Higson, H.E. (2006). Multiple criteria decision making techniques in higher education. International Journal of Educational Management 20 (5), 319–337.
Ho, W. (2008). Integrated analytic hierarchy process and its applications – A literature review. European Journal of Operational Research. 186(1) 211-228.
Ho, W. & Ma, X. (2018). The state-of-the-art integrations and applications of the analytic hierarchy process. European Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 267, 2, 399-414.
Höfer T., Sunak Y., Siddique H. &Madlener R. (2016). Wind farm siting using a spatial Analytic Hierarchy Process approach: A case study of the Städteregion Aachen. Applied Energy Vol. 163 222-243.
Ishizaka, A. & Labib, A. (2009). Analytic Hierarchy Process and Expert Choice: Benefits and limitations. OR Insight Vol. 22, 4, 201–220.
Islam, R. (2017). Work on Israeli-Palestinian conflict. International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, 9(3).
Kaw, K., & Abd Manaf, L. (2018). Integration of Delphi technique and analytical hierarchy process in selecting the type of dam: A case study of Bungoh catchment in Sarawak, Malaysia. International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, 10(1).
Liberatore M. &Nydick R. (2008). The analytic hierarchy process in medical and health care decision making: A literature review. European Journal of Operational Research 189(1):194–207.
Naseh, H. (2018). Space mission definition basedon analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method. International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, 10(2).
Nisel, S., &Özdemir, M. (2016). Analytic hierarchy process &analytic network process in sporte: a comprehensive literature review. International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, 8(3).
Osorio Gómez, J.C. & Orejuela Cabrera, J.P. (2008). El proceso de análisis jerárquico (AHP) y la toma de decisiones multicriterio. Ejemplo de aplicación. Scientia et Technica Año XIV, No 39.
Ouma Y. &Tateishi R. (2014). Urban Flood Vulnerability and Risk Mapping Using Integrated Multi-Parametric AHP and GIS: Methodological Overview and Case Study Assessment. Water 2014, 6, 1515-1545.
Ozceylan, E. (2016). A mathematical model using AHP priorities for soccer player selection: A case study. South African Journal of Industrial Engineering 27(2), 190-205.
Özdemir, M., & SağırÖzdemir, M. (2018). The use of the analytic hierarchy process for admission to an air traffic control department.International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, 10(1).
Pecchia L., Martin J.L., Ragozzino A., Vanzanella C., Scognamiglio A., Mirarchi L.& Morgan SP. (2013). User needs elicitation via AHP. A case study on a CT scanner. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 5, 13:2.
Roig-Tierno N., Baviera-Puig A., Buitrago-Vera J. & Mas-Verdu F. (2013). The retail site location decision process using GIS and the analytical hierarchy process. Applied Geography Vol. 40, 191-198.
Saaty, T.(1980). Multicriteria decision Making: The analytic hierarchy process. New York, McGraw Hill.
Saaty, T.(1990). How to make a decision: The Analytic Hierarchy Process. European Journal of Operational Research 48, 9-26.
Saaty, T. (2008). Decision making with the analytic hierarchy process. Int. J. Services Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2008.
Saaty, T. (2013). The modern science of multicriteria decision making and its practical applications: The AHP/ANP approach. Operations Research 61(5):1101-1118)
Saaty, T., & Wei, L. (2016). Should the UK have brexited the European Union? International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, 8(2).
Sánchez-Lozano J.M., Teruel-Solano J., Soto-Elvira P. & García-Cascales M.S. (2013). Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods for the evaluation of solar farms locations: Case study in south-eastern Spain. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews Vol. 24: 544-556.
Smith, J. & von Winterfeldt, D. (2004). Anniversary Article: Decision Analysis in Management Science. Management Science, 50, issue 5, p. 561-574.
Stefanidis S. & Stathis D. (2013). Assessment of flood hazard based on natural and anthropogenic factors using analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Natural Hazards 68: 569.
Subramanian, N., & Ramanathan, R. (2012). A review of applications of Analytic Hierarchy Process in operations management. International Journal of Production Economics, 138(2), 215–241.
Tang Y., Sun H., Yao Q. & Wang Y. (2014). The selection of key technologies by the silicon photovoltaic industry based on the Delphi method and AHP (analytic hierarchy process): Case study of China. Energy Vol. 75, 474-482.
Uyan, M. (2013). GIS-based solar farms site selection using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in Karapinar region, Konya/Turkey. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 28, 11–17.
Vachnadze, R. (2016). Prioritization of performance measures using analytic hierarchy process. International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process.
Vaidya, O.S. & Kumar, S. (2006). Analytic Hierarchy Process: An Overview of Applications. European Journal of Operational Research, 169, 1-29.
von Winterfeldt, D. (1980). Structuring Decision Problems for Decision Analysis. Published Articles & Papers. Paper 35.
Zahedi, F. (1986). The analytic hierarchy process – A survey of the method and its applications. Interfaces 16(4) 96-108.
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Publicado
2019-11-21
Cómo citar
Nantes, E. A. . (2019). El método Analytic Hierarchy Process para la toma de decisiones. Repaso de la metodología y aplicaciones. Revista De La Escuela De Perfeccionamiento En Investigación Operativa, 27(46). Recuperado a partir de https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/epio/article/view/26474
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