ANTERIOR SEGMENT ISCHEMIA AND STRABISMUS SURGERY: FROM THE ANATOMY TO THE CLINIC. Isquemia del segmento anterior y cirugía del estrabismo: Desde la Anatomía a la Clínica.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31051/1852.8023.v7.n1.14158Palabras clave:
Anterior ciliary arteries, ocular ischemia, surgical complications, Arterias ciliares anteriores, isquemia ocular, complicaciones quirúrgicasResumen
La isquemia del segmento anterior es una complicación seria que puede presentarse después de la cirugía de estrabismo, particularmente después de desinsertar tres o cuatro músculos extraoculares, con la sección de sus respectivas arterias ciliares anteriores. Sin embargo, susceptibilidad individual y una cantidad considerable de factores de riesgo juegan también un papel importante en el desarrollo de esta condición que pone en peligro la vista. Una evaluación minuciosa es fundamental para cada paciente. Por lo tanto, conocer la irrigación del segmento anterior junto con los mecanismos que producen la isquemia de esta región del ojo es de suma importancia para evaluar a los pacientes, para planear y decidir qué procedimiento quirúrgico es el mejor para cada caso en particular, y para prevenir la ocurrencia de esta complicación. La revisión de la anatomía descriptiva y su posterior correlación con el cuadro clínico de esta entidad facilita el entendimiento de la patogénesis de la isquemia y crea conciencia acerca de la necesidad de instituir medidas preventivas.
Anterior segment ischemia is a serious complication that may occur after strabismus surgery, particularly after the deinsertion of three or four extraocular muscles, with transection of their anterior ciliary arteries. However, individual susceptibility and a considerable amount of risk factors also play an important role in the development of this condition, which endangers sight. A thorough evaluation is essential for each patient. Therefore, knowing the irrigation of the anterior segment along with the mechanisms that produce ischemia of the eye region is very important to assess patients, plan and decide which surgical procedure is best for each particular case, and to prevent the occurrence of this complication. Review of the descriptive anatomy and its subsequent combination with the clinical picture of this entity facilitates understanding of the pathogenesis of ischemia and raises awareness about the need to institute preventive measures.
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