MORPHOLOGY OF THE HARD PALATE: A STUDY OF DRY SKULLS AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE. Morfología del paladar duro: Un studio en cráneos secos y revision de la literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31051/1852.8023.v7.n1.14157Palabras clave:
hard palate, incisive foramen, greater palatine foramen, lesser palatine foramen, paladar duro, foramen incisivo, foramen palatino mayor, foramen palatino menorResumen
El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la morfología del paladar duro para proporcionar directrices a los profesionales. Para dichos propósitos se midió el paladar duro de 63 cráneos de sexo y edad desconocidos, provenientes de una población del subcontinente Indio. Las medias y las desviaciones estándar de los siguientes parámetros fueron: anchura máxima del foramen palatino mayor, 2,3 ± 0,5 mm; anchura máxima del foramen palatino menor, de 0,9 ± 0,4 mm; anchura máxima del foramen incisivo, 4,08 ± 0,99 mm; distancia inter-alveolar de canino a canino, 23,5 ± 2,2 mm; distancia entre los forámenes palatinos mayores izquierdo y derecho, 27,6 ± 2,77 mm; anchura del paladar, 37,97 ± 3,32 mm; longitud palatal, 52,2 ± 3,2 mm; altura del paladar, 11,54 ± 2,4 mm; distancia entre el orificio palatino mayor a la base del hamulus pterigoideo, 8,7 ± 2,2 mm; distancia del foramen palatino mayor a la sutura maxilar mediana, 13,8 ± 1,5 mm; ángulo entre la línea media y la línea entre el foramen oral y el foramen palatino mayor, 16,45 ± 1,600. En esta investigación, los tipos más frecuentes de índice palatino e índice de altura paladar fueron el leptoestafilino y el ortoestafilino. Los Índices de asimetría oscilaron entre el 4,3 al 18,3%. El presente estudio proporciona datos morfométricos y cualitativos del paladar duro derivado de cráneos indios. El conocimiento de la posición y el diámetro de los forámenes palatinos es esencial para la aplicación de la anestesia localizada antes de realizar los procedimientos quirúrgicos. Además, los datos pueden ser útiles en la determinación de ascendencia del paladar duro.
The purpose of this study was to determine hard palate morphology to provide guidelines for practitioners. This study measured the hard palate of 63 skulls of unsexed and unknown age from Indian subcontinent. The means and standard deviations of the following parameters were: greater palatine foramen maximum width, 2.3 ± 0.5 mm; lesser palatine foramen maximum width, 0.9 ± 0.4 mm; incisive foramen maximum width, 4.08 ± 0.99 mm; canine to canine intersocket distance, 23.5 ± 2.2 mm; distance between right and left greater palatine foramen, 27.6 ± 2.77 mm; palatal breadth, 37.97 ± 3.32 mm; palatal length, 52.2 ± 3.2 mm; palatal height, 11.54 ± 2.4 mm; greater palatine foramen to the base of medial pterygoid hamulus distance, 8.7 ± 2.2 mm; distance from greater palatine foramen to median maxillary suture, 13.8 ± 1.5 mm; angle between the midline and a line between the orale and the greater palatine foramen, 16.45 ± 1.600. The leptostaphyline and orthostaphyline were the most prevalent types of palatine index and palate height index in this study. Asymmetry indices ranged between 4.3 - 18.3%. The present study provides morphometric and qualitative data of the hard palate derived from Indian skulls. Knowledge of the position and diameter of the palatine foramina is essential in performing localized anaesthesia before surgical procedures. In addition, the data may be useful in ancestry determination using the hard palate.
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