Efecto del aceite esencial obtenido de semillas de comino (Cuminum cyminum L.) de Catamarca, Argentina, sobre las plagas de maíz almacenado, Sitophilus zeamais y Fusarium verticillioides

Contenido principal del artículo

Viviana del Valle Quiroga
Romina Pizzolitto
María Paula Zunino
José Sebatian Dambolena
Jimena Herrera
Julio Zygadlo

Resumen

Se estudió la composición del aceite esencial de Cuminum cyminum L. de la provincia de Catamarca, Argentina, y su actividad insecticida y antifúngica. Los principales constituyentes detectados por GC y GC/MS fueron: cuminaldehído (20,58 %), ϒ-terpineno (20,43 %), p-cimeno (17,35 %) y β-pineno (13,75 %). La actividad insecticida se evaluó contra Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky. Los resultados mostraron valores de concentración letal (CL) CL50 y CL95 del aceite de comino de 66,39 μL/L  y 370,14 μL/L de aire, respectivamente. Además, el aceite esencial tuvo un efecto repelente a 4 μL/L y 0,4 μL/L y una inhibición de la actividad acetilcolinesterasa de 88,39 % y 47,75 % a concentraciones de 9,2 y 2,3 mg/L, respectivamente. La actividad antifúngica contra Fusarium verticillioides se evaluó a 250 500 y 1000 μL/L. En el caso de la concentración más alta de aceite esencial de comino, se observó una inhibición del desarrollo fúngico de aproximadamente 80 %. La fase de latencia y la tasa de crecimiento de F. verticillioides se vieron afectadas considerablemente y fueron dosis-dependiente. Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio revelaron el posible uso del aceite de comino como alternativa natural en el control de S. zeamais y F. verticillioides, principales plagas delmaíz almacenado.

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Quiroga, V. del V., Pizzolitto, R., Zunino, M. P., Dambolena, J. S., Herrera, J. ., & Zygadlo, J. (2023). Efecto del aceite esencial obtenido de semillas de comino (Cuminum cyminum L.) de Catamarca, Argentina, sobre las plagas de maíz almacenado, Sitophilus zeamais y Fusarium verticillioides. AgriScientia, 40(1), 29–39. https://doi.org/10.31047/1668.298x.v1.n40.38788
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